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Saturday Waffling (February 28th, 2015)

Hey, so, first off, check out Ian McDuffie's Patreon for his webcomic FEELS. And, for that matter, his webcomic FEELS. Really nice, sweetly funny and dryly sad comics about people having emotions about one another.

In other news, barring an absolutely massive swath of votes in the final twenty-four hours, the next bonus post as voted on by Patreon backers will be on Russell T Davies's produce triptych Cucumber/Banana/Tofu. That'll be in just about two weeks, once the whole thing airs.

But man, if you're not watching it, check it out. It's really, really good. Episode 6 of Cucumber is titanically, breathtakingly good, although for the most part I think Banana has really been the best show.

So, given how good episode six of Cucumber was, let's have an open thread on it. I'll talk about it in detail in two weeks time, but for now I'll just say... holy shit that was amazing.

Also, if you missed it, the commentary track Jack Graham and I did for the second episode of The Rescue went up on Wednesday. These have gotten super low download numbers according to my stats tracker. Like, apparently only eleven people downloaded episode two, down from sixty-eight on episode one. Will at least do The Mind Robber, though will probably take a week off before that, and maybe a new series track to see if that does a bit better, but I'm officially flagging that project as in serious danger of cancellation. In case my stats tracking is wrong, though, if you downloaded episode two, please say so in comments.

Finally, there'll be a post on Tuesday this week. The title will be Recursive Book Launch.

Currently working on: A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones 1.09: Baelor

A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones 1.04: Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things


The choir goes off. The board is laid out thusly:

Direwolves of King’s Landing: Eddard Stark, Sansa Stark, Arya Stark
Stags of King’s Landing: Robert Baratheon, Joffrey Baratheon
Lions of King’s Landing: Jaime Lannister, Cersei Lannister
The Direwolf Catelyn Stark
Dragons of Vaes Dothrak: Daenerys Targaryen, Viserys Targaryen
Bears of Vaes Dothrak: Jorah Mormont
Mockingbird’s of King’s Landing: Petyr Baelish
Direwolves of the Wall: Jon Snow
Direwolves of Winterfell: Robb Stark, Bran Stark
Kraken of Winterfell: Theon Greyjoy
Dogs of King’s Landing: Sandor Clegane
And the Lion of Winterfell, Tyrion Lannister

The episode is in twelve parts. The first runs five minutes and is set in Winterfell; the first shot is of a raven flying through the castle as Bran stands drawing a bow. 

The second runs three minutes and is set on the Wall; the transition is deceptive continuity, with a cut from Theon watching Tyrion ride away to an overhead shot of a man on horseback who turns out not to be Tyrion. 

The third runs seven minutes and is set in Vaes Dothrak; the transition is by family, from Jon Snow to Daenerys Targaryen.

The fourth runs seven minutes long and is in two sections; it is set in King’s Landing. The first section is two minutes long; the transition is by dialogue, from Viserys talking about the Red Keep to Sansa and Septa Mordane walking into it. The other is five minutes long; the transition is by family and dialogue, from Sansa talking about her father to Ned. 

The fifth part runs two minutes and is set on the Wall; the transition is by family, from Arya and Ned Stark to Jon Snow.

The sixth runs six minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the transition is by family, from Jon Snow to Ned Stark. The transition marks the halfway point of the episode. 

The seventh runs three minutes and is set on the Wall; he transition is by hard cut, from Jory walking away from Jaime to people dining in the mess at Castle Black. 

The eighth runs one minute and is set in Vaes Dothrak; the transition is by dialogue, from Thorne talking about sniveling boys to Viserys, and by family, from Jon Snow to Viserys and Daenerys. 

The ninth runs six minutes and is set on the Wall; the transition is by dialogue, from Daenerys saying “hands” to a shot of Sam’s hand scrubbing a table.

The tenth runs one minute and is set in Vaes Dothrak; the transition is by family, from Jon Snow to Daenerys Targaryen.

The eleventh runs six minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the transition is by dialogue, from Daenerys talking about her brother possibly taking back the Seven Kingdoms to a shot of Robert. The scene features the death of Ser Hugh of the Vale, killed by Gregor Clegane in the joust. 

The last runs three minutes and is set in an inn on the Kingsroad in the Riverlands; the transition is by family, from Ned Stark and Cersei Lannister to Catelyn and Tyrion. The final shot is several of Edmure Tully’s bannermen drawing swords on Tyrion as Catelyn vows to take him to Mornington Crescent. 

The episode is framed by Tyrion Lannister, providing a bit of structure to an episode that is largely about reiterating and expanding upon the new concepts introduced in “Lord Snow.” The most obvious expansion comes in the introduction of Samwell Tarly on the Wall, who, although not initially credited as a series regular, goes on to become one, and, in A Storm of Swords, a viewpoint character to boot. This constitutes a major reconfiguration of the Wall, giving Jon Snow a clear “best friend” figure of the sort whose absence formed the entire basis of his plot in the previous episode. The resulting story is straightforward, at least for this episode, but brings the Wall to a usable status quo after four episodes of gradual development. 

Structurally, the Wall is paralleled with Vaes Dothrak, with every scene set in the latter location either leading into or out of the former. There the plot is largely in a holding pattern, with the single largest portion of the three Vaes Dothrak scenes being devoted to a Viserys scene that was created specifically for the show. As with many sequences added for the show, its content is largely an exposition dump, in this case a lengthy discourse on the history of dragons and of the Targaryens, but its real content, as with the entire Vaes Dothrak plot this episode, is to finally move to overt text what has been bubbling in subtext for three episodes, which is that Viserys is manifestly unfit to lead anything and will never take back the Iron Throne, a point that finally gets explicitly acknowledged by Daenerys in the last of the three Vaes Dothrak sequences. And, in turn, it foreshadows future plot twists, subtly highlighting the fact that Viserys, unlike his sister, is vulnerable to heat and fire. 

The episode is anchored, however, by King’s Landing, which makes up three of its four longest parts, comprising a total of twenty-three minutes of the episode. As with the Wall, the bulk of this is in practice about fleshing out the location, with Grandmaster Pycelle getting a more thorough introduction, Janos Slynt getting introduced in the first place, the Hound getting some backstory, and a scene between Jory and Jaime that reiterates some earlier exposition about the Greyjoy Rebellion, develops the relationship between Jaime and Robert, and, most significantly, gives Jory and Jaime a scene together prior to the next episode’s climax. 

There are no major shifts to the status quo here - indeed, Ned Stark’s investigation basically just politely spins its wheels with little more than an innuendo-laden confrontation with Cersei to show for it. There are clues and implications aplenty, most obviously around Ser Hugh of the Vale, but given that this is a mystery the audience has been told the solution to, the bulk of these scenes come off as marking time, not least because that’s mostly what they’re doing. Even for a book-reading audience who knows both who actually killed Jon Arryn and who hired the assassin to kill Bran there’s not much that’s actually happening here. There are perhaps a few subtle valences of Littlefinger’s actions that shift if you know the full story, but given that his larger schemes mostly amount to spreading chaos and discord, knowing merely that he’s untrustworthy, a point the show and, more particularly, Aiden Gillen make acutely clear, there’s not actually a lot that shifts. Similarly, Joffrey is so thoroughly portrayed as a malevolent figure that the addition of one trifling extra crime (one that’s never actually pinned on him in the show anyway) hardly changes things.

The reason for this, of course, is that in reality this isn’t a show about Ned’s investigation at all, and that the account of what sort of show this was given back in “Winter is Coming” was as much a lie as the account of Jon Arryn’s murderer was. It is just that this aspect of the status quo cannot be disrupted until the rest of the board is developed. Once all four locations have been painted in sufficient detail that the question of what sort of show this is no longer rests entirely on the shoulders of Ned Stark it becomes possible to disrupt and alter the initial status quo, but it is not until this episode that these aspects of the show are developed enough to allow for a shift in the first ground established. 

Which brings us, inevitably, back to Tyrion, from whom the episode’s title derives, despite only being in two scenes comprising, between them, barely the time of a single King’s Landing scene. In the books, Tyrion poses an interesting textual problem. Barring a potential revelation about his parentage that is, while certainly a plausible theory, nevertheless far from certain, he is the only viewpoint character of the first book who sits outside of the ice/fire dualism that underpins the world. As already discussed, his eventual role is instead to traverse that dualism - he eventually becomes the first character to meet both Jon Snow and Daenerys Targaryen, and to move from the Wall to Essos. Closely related to this, then, is the fact that he is the character most capable of causing major changes to the status quo, and indeed, it is from him that the first major shift stems.

Interestingly, though, this is not, at first, presented in terms of his own abilities. The first major change he brings to the status quo is not one in which he has any agency. Instead, it comes when he is taken captive by Catelyn at the episode’s end. The Aristotelean web of causality that forms the plot of the first season is a tightly knit one, but there are few events in it that serve as bigger turning points than this, which proves to be the spark that ignites the conflict that will eventually become the War of Five Kings. It is, it has to be said, a staggeringly bad move on Catelyn’s part. She gains no advantages whatsoever from it, and the cost turns out to be nothing short of catastrophic for the entire Realm. Nevertheless, it marks the first actual shift in the balance of power within the game since play commenced, and sets up dramatic consequences for the next episode. 

Recursive Book Launch

It is my pleasure to announce that Recursive Occlusion, also known as the Logopolis book, is now available for sale. You can buy a copy here if you're so inclined.

If you pre-ordered the book via the old Hartnell Second Edition Kickstarter then assuming you also provided me with updated address information, your book has been ordered and is either on its way to you or to me so that I can sign it and send it to you. If you're owed a signed copy of Volume V, that will be in the same package. If you haven't sent me updated address information, check your Kickstarter messages for information.

If you have not pre-ordered the book, things are going to work a little differently this time than some of my other books. For one thing, the print edition is the only edition. I'm not ruling out an ebook edition in the future, but for now there are no active plans. The print edition is also available exclusively via the Createspace store, which is to say, via direct order from the print on demand company I'm using. I'm also not ruling out an eventual general sale via Amazon and the like, but for now, again, there are no active plans.

The book is about 120 pages, and the $15 price was picked in part because I didn't want to sell it for cheaper than I did to pre-ordering Kickstarter backers nearly two years ago, and in part to highlight the fact that this is very much book-as-art-object.

Basically, this is the sort of book that, under traditional publishing, would be called a "limited edition" or something, although given that it's print-on-demand that's kind of the exact wrong phrase for it. Nevertheless, the point of the book is very much to be an interesting and compelling physical object. Both Alison and I, in editing and typesetting the book, and James, in doing the cover design, worked hard to mimic the design of vintage Choose Your Own Adventure books, and, if I may be so bold, the book is a real pleasure to just pick up and play with. (James's account of designing the cover is up here.)

Content-wise... this is a strange one. It is loosely based on the essay "Recursive Occlusion," the TARDIS Eruditorum entry on Logopolis that is reprinted in Volume 5 of that series. That essay is structured as an interactive set of branching paths akin to the Choose Your Own Adventure books, and consists of a total of 33 separate nodes. But Recursive Occlusion the book is almost completely rewritten - only two of its 34 notes originate in the old Logopolis entry, and the other 32 are completely new and exclusive to the book. These include two lengthy essays explaining the format of the book and some of the philosophical ideas underlying it, although you'll have to successfully find them within the book's narrative.

Recursive Occlusion is my definitive statement on one of the major themes of TARDIS Eruditorum, namely the intersections between occultism (and particularly alchemy) and Doctor Who. That said, the idea of a "definitive statement" about mysticism is necessarily a slightly strange one, and the book is at times an oblique and willfully odd thing. It is very much in the style of my weirder and more gonzo essays, which is part of why I've opted for limited sale on it initially, to be honest - because I want to let the book out into the world for a bit before I start worrying about explaining it to people who aren't familiar with my work. (That and I get higher royalties via the Createspace store - buying a copy of this nets me nearly three times as much as buying one of my other books does.)

But if you've ever wanted to know more about my arguments regarding Doctor Who, alchemy, and the Western occult tradition, there is at last a book for you, and I very much hope that you enjoy it.

And here's the sales link again, just to save you the trouble of scrolling back up.

Comics Reviews (March 4th, 2015)

The next episode commentary will go up next week some time, in its own post. Comics reviews follow, from least favorite to favorite of what I bought this week.

Rat Queens #9

Issue #8 of this came out five months ago. This is part four of an ongoing story. There is no recap page whatsoever. I know I've ridden this hobby horse before, but this is suicidally dumb, in an "I think I'm dropping this title because I can't be bothered to figure it out" sort of way. Seriously, I don't remember a comic from five months ago. I have enough trouble with one month ago half the time. And yet nobody thought "ooh, maybe we should remind readers of the plot instead of throwing them in the deep end." Yes, I could dig through my unorganized back issue piles looking for issues 6-8. But I could also save $3.50 a month, and that's what I'll be doing. This looks like a fine issue, but honestly, I'm done with comics that don't make the slightest concession to the fact that I read 30+ comics a month on top of all the other media I consume and probably need a refresher when I haven't seen an issue for five months. You had room for a six page preview of another comic, you could have given me a fucking recap page. Ugh. So, yes, dropping this, and going to commit to being much more aggressive about this. I'm not asking for dumbed down comics, but I am asking for some basic reader friendliness.

Saga #26

A perfectly pleasant issue, although man, again, a cast page would be so nice right about now. Does this work better in trade? This must work better in trade. I think this has turned into the latest equivalent of The Unwritten - a book I pay money for so that in two years when I pirate it because I've lost all my back issues and reread it in one night I feel no guilt. In any case, if you've enjoyed the twenty-five issues prior to this, you'll probably like this a lot too.

Avengers #42

Whatever I may think about some of the steps along the way, Hickman is managing a gloriously effective pounding climax here. I'm especially fond of the teases of where Bendis's X-Men plot is going, although the "massive alien army about to nuke the Earth" plot is fun too. I'm curious how he's going to pivot to the Steve/Tony confrontation that obviously underlies all of this, and I don't quite trust him not to just drop all the spinning plates, but right now this book is a countdown to May, and I admit, each step is suitably breathlessly exciting.

Blackcross #1

A superhero horror comic by Warren Ellis that doesn't sell itself on its own value after one issue, but that is by Warren Ellis, and so gets trusted to pull it together over the next five, because while there are Warren Ellis comics that are not great, there aren't really any that are bad, or even not good. Though one fears that this is really just an excuse for Warren Ellis to write Lady Satan. But who's going to begrudge him that?

Angela: Asgard's Assassin #4

Oh! The plot! Neat! Also, Kieron Gillen, unsurprisingly, writes fabulously good Guardians of the Galaxy. This is still something of a fluff book for me (although I find myself really loving the mystery of what's up with Sera), but it's at least one where I'm starting to see where it's going and be invested in it, and I have little doubt I'll be glad to have been along for the ride by book's end.

X-Men #25

After finding the first issue of this shockingly rough, this is finally starting to find its groove, admittedly just one issue before the end. Still, Monet, a character I admit I have no actual understanding of the origin or background of, manages to hold down an issue on her own, which is an impressive writing feat, especially coming immediately off the back of my immensely frustrating Rat Queens experience. So, fun book. A disposable minor work in Wilson's career, but a nice little X-Men story, by the looks of it, and I'm glad Wilson is doing stuff like this for Marvel.

Doctor Who: The Eleventh Doctor #9

This continues to be an utter delight. Ewing has some moments that are very, wonderfully, solidly Eleventh Doctor moments, that evoke huge, iconic moments of his tenure, but that are nevertheless utterly their own and part of this story. Top notch stuff.

Uber #23

The first issue of an arc, and thus putting pieces in place. There are books where this is the highlight. But Uber isn't one of them. Uber is a book that sings when it's doing payoff - when the bombs start to go off and the chain reaction builds to something appalling and unexpected and disturbing. Which it can't do every month, of course. In other words, still love this book, and I can't wait to see what this issue causes.

Nameless #2

Missed the first issue of this, as it fell in the weeks I took off from these to finish up TARDIS Eruditorum. Interesting - very much a Grant Morrison comic for people who love The Invisibles. Probably my favorite thing he's done since about Final Crisis. There's a beautiful sense of Warren Ellis pastiche throughout it that I'm loving the hell out of. Quite excited to see this develop further.

Crossed +100 #3

A slower issue, as middles tend to be, but as fascinating and carefully layered as ever. One thing that struck me, reading this issue, was how Moore's use of an artificial slang and his journal structure helps with the comic's readability. No recap page, but because you've got Future writing up what happens and recapping events later, you don't need one - the comic is doing all the teaching and catch-up work it needs to as you go. It's a small thing, but a reminder of why Alan Moore is still better at this medium than other people.

Supreme: Blue Rose #7

A strange and hallucinatory fugue on Moore's old strange fugues on Superman wraps up. I'm looking forward to rereading this, as there are definitely large swaths of things I missed in the monthly grind, but it's beautiful and nuanced and fascinating, and I never felt more confused than I felt like I was supposed to be. Of this current wave of Ellis's comics activity, this has been one of the real highlights.

Physics Bubbling Down Into Chaos (The Last War in Albion Part 86: Marvelman's Unraveling)

This is the fourteenth of sixteen (it grew) parts of The Last War in Albion Chapter Nine, focusing on Alan Moore's work on V for Vendetta for Warrior (in effect, Books One and Two of the DC Comics collection). An omnibus of all fifteen parts can be purchased at Smashwords. If you purchased serialization via the Kickstarter, check your Kickstarter messages for a free download code.

The stories discussed in this chapter are currently available in a collected edition, along with the eventual completion of the story. UK-based readers can buy it here.

Previously in The Last War in Albion: The seventh issue of Warrior contained an installment of Marvelman that would, ultimately, cause Moore to depart from the magazine two years later. The eight page strip jumps among settings, starting with Sir Dennis Archer shortly after briefing the sapphire-toothed Evelyn Cream on his mission. Archer reflects on the events of October 12th, 1963, when they blew up the Marvelman Family. The second page has Mike and Liz out on Dartmoor, getting ready to test Marvelman’s powers. Liz brings a stack of American superhero comics, reading off possible powers he could have. 

"We're not gods from space who can survive planetary impacts and physics bubbling down into chaos and clashing timelines. We're just human." -Warren Ellis, Supreme: Blue Rose

Image may be NSFW.
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Figure 656: Evelyn Cream murders the terrorist upon
 getting the information he needs. (Written by Alan
Moore, art by Alan Davis and Garry Leach, from "Secret
Identity" in Warrior #7, 1982)
The third goes to Johnny Bates, now in the hospital, catatonic. The scene shifts to inside Bates’s mind, where Kid Marvelman berates him, calling him a “snot-nosed little pratt” and a “snotty little virgin.” Then it cuts back to Marvelman and Liz investigating his powers, trying to figure out exactly how they work and how, for instance, the impact of a massive boulder falling on him doesn’t drive his feet into the ground at all. Page five has Evelyn Cream, with caption boxes explaining how he has figured out that Marvelman must have been one of the reporters at Larksmere, that the transformation probably resulted in some sort of energy transfer, and that the terrorist with burns was probably closest when it happens, arriving at the hospital. This is followed by one more page of the Morans, with Marvelman having turned back into Mike and the two of them driving off. As they do, Liz tells Mike that “I’ve missed my last periods and I’m going to have a baby and it isn’t yours its Marvelman’s.” The final two pages form a single scene depicting Cream’s encounter with the terrorist, who lies in his hospital bed, heavily bandaged. As Cream enters, he wakes up, and murmurs, “Huh? Whaddayou want, chocolate?” Cream communicates with him by writing on a notepad, promising not to kill him if he answers his questions. He proceeds to ask enough questions to identify Marvelman’s secret identity, and then explains to Steve that he was lying about the promise not to kill him, smothering him in his hospital bed and calmly walking out.

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Figure 657: The sort of content in Zirk that might have offended a mother
who bought a copy of Warrior #3 from WH Smiths. (Written by Steve Moore
as Pedro Henry, art by Brian Bolland)
Upon getting the script for this issue, Skinn raised some concerns, specifically about the words “virgin,” “periods,” and “chocolate,” asking Moore to change them. Moore, with his characteristic regard for anything he perceived as censorship, pushed back against the note, arguing that “they were natural, they were part of the characterisation,” and that “Warrior was aimed at a fairly intelligent readership, we hadn’t had any complaints,” (which, in Skinn’s account, was not true - they had in fact just lost distribution in WH Smiths because of a mother’s complaint over the Zirk strip in Warrior #3) and that getting prudish was therefore senseless. Skinn pushed back, leading to the “why offend even one reader” question, and finally offered a compromise whereby Moore would change one of the three. Moore took umbrage with this, complaining that if it didn’t matter which one he changed then none of them could actually be that bad, to which, in his account, Skinn asked him to change one purely so Skinn could avoid losing face, at which point Moore flatly refused.

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Figure 658: The Warpsmiths of Hod. (Written by Alan
Moore, art by Garry Leach, from Warrior #9, 1983)
This was at the time a mere hiccup in the relationship between Skinn and Moore, but it seems to have been a turning point in Moore’s opinion of Skinn all the same. Not, to be clear, in his relationship with Warrior - indeed, he kicked off 1983 by essentially picking up a third strip in Warrior #9, to which he contributed, in addition to “Violence” and Marvelman, a strip entitled “Cold War, Cold Warrior” and featuring more aliens of the same race as Warpsmith from “Yesterday’s Gambit.” This featured art by Gary Leach, and revealed Warpsmith to be a member of the teleporting race of aliens the Warpsmiths of Hod, and tells a story of espionage and deception in the vein of his aborted 4-D War Cycle for Doctor Who Monthly

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Figure 659: A Time Lord from Doctor Who.
(Indeed, it’s a reasonable hypothesis that a substantial portion of the larger plot surrounding the Warpsmiths, and, by extension, the elaborate shared continuity for the Warrior strips that was dreamt up but never put into place by Alan and Steve Moore, was based in part on the abandoned 4-D War Cycle. In the timeline they wrote out [which also establishes Gargunza as the creator of Fate, deciding that V for Vendetta takes place in an alternate timeline that diverges when Mike Moran does not rediscover his magic word at Larksmere] one of the earliest events listed is “The Chronarchy (a race like Earth-2 Time Lords) attack the Warpsmiths of Hod. Warpsmiths wipe out all but a few of the Chronarchy with Death-Cats, the ultimate weapon provided by the Rhodru Makers.” The Rhodru Makers are also referred to in “Cold War, Cold Warrior,” and, along with the Qys [the alien race whose crash landing provides Gargunza the ability to create Marvelman], form a significant portion of the future history. The tone is clearly different, not least because of the rather ludicrously named “Death-Cats,” but the overall shape is visibly similar to the Time Lord/Black Sun/Sontaran conflict spelled out in the 4-D War strips, and, given the comparison of the Chronarchy with the Time Lords and the timing of Moore’s departure from Doctor Who Monthly, it seems more likely than not that the future timeline was based in part on reworkings of those ideas. Ironically, the one place where this shared continuity is at all referenced in the stories, a joke about Glinda Bojeffries that appeared in the final installment of The Stars My Degradation can, if one is sufficiently determined to count cameo appearances and crossovers, be used to argue that Doctor Who itself is part of a shared continuity with Axel Pressbutton and, if one takes the unused timeline at face value, V for Vendetta/Marvelman.) 

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Figure 660: Dez Skinn's creation Big Ben confronts Marvelman. (Written by
Alan Moore, art by Alan Davis, from "Out of the Dark" in Warrior #9, 1983)
Warrior #9 also featured, in its last panel, the debut of the character of Big Ben (“The Man with No Time for Crime”), created by Dez Skinn, but given to Moore to launch within Marvelman. It is fair to say that Moore did not exactly do the character any favors. Skinn had intended the character to be another tentpole of the magazine, and put him on the cover of Warrior #10, in which he made his full debut. But Moore introduced him as a failed attempt to recreate Marvelman, portraying him as mentally unstable and considerably less powerful than Marvelman, with the main character ultimately dispatching him with a single blow. Big Ben would eventually start appearing as a regular feature in Warrior, but only once the writing was largely on the wall for the magazine.

Even issues #9 and #10 revealed problems, however. They were, between them, the only two installments to come out in the first half of 1983, with February, March, and June seeing no issues, and issue #10 covering both April and May. The magazine made it back to a monthly schedule in July, publishing six consecutive monthly issues before missing the first two months of 1984, but it was clear that there were increasing problems. Moore, nevertheless, wound down what he labeled as Book One of Marvelman in Warrior #11, and, after a month long gap filled with a Young Marvelman story, commenced Book Two in Warrior #13 - a story that would still be in progress when Moore left the strip a year later in August of 1984. This story, as stated in Moore’s original pitch, brought Marvelman back into conflict with Dr. Gargunza, and for the most part, like almost everything following Leach’s departure from the strip, focused heavily on the task of relaying the complex backstory that Moore had worked out and giving Marvelman his new origin. 

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Figure 661: The Marvelman Special, which
finally spurred Marvel UK to object to the
use of the name Marvelman.
By the time Moore left, however, the wheels had well and truly started to come off. In May of 1984, to fill a month’s gap between Warrior #18 and #19, Skinn put out a title called Marvelman Special that consisted primarily of reprints of old Mick Anglo stories featuring the character. This, however, turned out to push the patience of Dez Skinn’s previous employers too far. Marvel UK had thus far remained silent about one of their competitors publishing a character named Marvelman, but in their view publishing a comic that actually had their company name in the title was simply a bridge too far, and they commenced sending lawyer’s letters to Skinn, which he reprinted, along with his replies, in the final two issues of Warrior

These events led to a further souring of Moore’s relationship with Marvel, which was already becoming strained following Bernie Jaye’s dismissal. While his relationship with Skinn had by this point deteriorated completely, whatever outrage Moore had towards Skinn was overshadowed by his sense that it was fundamentally unfair for Marvel to object to publication of a character whose use of the word “Marvel” in his name went back further than the company’s did. This frustration was amplified by the difficulties going on in trying to sell Marvelman and the other Warrior strips to US distributors, which were being complicated by fears over what Marvel would do. Moore, using the only leverage he had available, wrote Archie Goodwin, a senior editor at Marvel, informing him that unless Marvel backed down from their threats (and specifically allowed US reprints to go out under the title Marvelman) he would refuse to work for them again and would forbid reprints of his Captain Britain work. Goodwin, in Moore’s account, sent word of this to then-editor-in-chief Jim Shooter (who Moore describes as “another one of these comic book industry führers,” in contrast to Goodwin, who he describes as “a wonderful writer and a wonderful editor”), whose response was to throw the memo away.

This had at least one, if not two major consequences. The first was that Moore’s suggested alternate title of Miracleman (drawn, among other places, from his Captain Britain work) was used for the eventual US reprints and continuation. The second and more uncertain one was Moore’s falling out with Alan Davis, who felt that Moore’s decision to make a stand over the name “Marvelman” by refusing to allow reprints of their Captain Britain work was unfair. Davis was at the time still working his warehouse job alongside his comics work, and was well aware that breaking out into the American market as Brian Bolland, Dave Gibbons, and Alan Moore already had would be lucrative. As Davis put it, “it was an opportunity to get my work seen by an American market.” Further complicating matters, Davis hadn’t even heard about this from Moore, but found out five months later from Jamie Delano. 

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Figure 662: Alan Davis broke into the
US market with Batman and the
Outsiders
 for DC.
This chronology, however, presents some problems. Moore left Captain Britain in June of 1984, one month after the publication of Marvelman Special, and three months prior to Marvel’s letter to Skinn. The precise date of Moore’s letter to Goodwin is difficult to pin down, but it appears to have been somewhere in early 1985. But by early 1985 Davis had already broken in at DC, his first issue of Batman and the Outsiders coming out on March 21. Furthermore, Davis recalls Moore suggesting Delano as a writer in response to Davis’s being hired by DC for an Aquaman miniseries (the miniseries never happened, and Davis was given Batman and the Outsiders instead). This means that Davis must have been aware that he’d already been noticed by American publishers months in advance of Moore’s letter to Goodwin, although it must be noted that Davis’s recollections of this period are at least somewhat confused, since he reports that his first meeting with Delano came when Moore brought him over to watch the last episode of Boys from the Black Stuff, which Davies had taped for him on early VHS equipment, despite that episode airing two years earlier than all of the other events discussed. Nevertheless, it’s clear that Moore and Davis’s falling out was more complex than simple anger over denied reprints.

By this point, however, Davis had already left Marvelman in frustration at Skinn’s slow payments, which had led to Davis withholding a finished installment from Skinn. This could have, in theory, been overcome - Skinn had replaced the artist on Marvelman once already, and by this point every other strip besides V for Vendetta had either undergone creative changes, ended, or both. Except that, at virtually the same time, Moore and Skinn’s relationship finally disintegrated beyond the point of salvation. Moore had soured on Skinn ever since the censorship squabble around issue #7, and had come to view him as someone who, as he later put it, “wanted to be Stan Lee. He wanted to be the person who got all the credit, whose name was on the whole package.” But the breaking point came in a meeting at the Quality Publications offices, in which Moore brought up the censorship of issue #7. As Moore tells it, Skinn denied the incident ever happened. “At this point,” Moore explains, “I was halfway across the office, and Steve Moore and Garry Leach were saying, ‘leave him, Alan, he’s not worth it,’ and at that point I ceased my work for Warrior. It was just that I couldn’t have someone lying about me and my honesty.” 

Image may be NSFW.
Clik here to view.
FIgure 663: Marveldog. (Written by Alan Moore,
art by Alan Davis, from "...And Every Dog It's Day,"
in Warrior #21, 1984)
But this was also not strictly speaking true. Moore refused to do further work on Marvelman, but he continued to write V for Vendetta for five installments after his last Marvelman strip (“…And Every Dog It’s Day,” in which Marvelman finally confronts Gargunza, only to learn that Gargunza can force him to transform back to human form, and which ends in a cliffhanger splash of Gargunza unleashing Marveldog to attack Mike Moran). It is fair to ask, then, why Moore applied different standards to the two strips, continuing one within Warrior for as long as the magazine existed while terminating the other.

This is especially true because the period in question was one where Moore was bringing a number of projects to a close. He ended his Captain Britain work in June, done his last D.R. & Quinch in May, and then pulled Marvelman in August. Taken in the context of his ceasing work on Future Shocks for 2000 AD in the wake of the Swamp Thing job and a different picture of why he was dropping projects starts to emerge - especially given that this is around when DC would have started offering him additional work. Certainly that’s Alan Davis’s contention when he states bluntly, “Alan clearly quit both Captain Britain and Marvelman at virtually the same time but claims external, unconnected reasons for both. Isn’t it simpler to accept that with Swamp Thing and new offers from DC – which were far better paid – the volume of work increased to a point where choices had to be made. I know I, amongst many other creators, was hoping for a call from DC.” [continued]

Saturday Waffling (March 7, 2015)

In case you missed it, Recursive Occlusion, aka the Logopolis book, is out. It's $15, and available exclusively through the Createspace store.

Over on Tumblr, I randomly banged up a thing and called it "The Golden Age of Adolescent Literature: A Manifesto for an Aesthetic Movement."

0. It is better to go too far than to be boring.

1. We must embrace the hubris that characterizes other great aesthetic movements. But as the great aesthetic movements of the last century have already laid claim to the future, we cannot. There are no further footholds to be found on that terrain. Instead, our hubris will have to be historicized. We will not be the future. When we lay claim to the phrase “golden age,” the purpose is not self-promotion, but a demand to ourselves that we live up to the promise of that title.

2. Just as the Golden Age of Children’s Literature is a specifically British movement (albeit one with American practitioners), the Golden Age of Adolescent Literature is ultimately American, embracing the grand cultural tradition of disaffected loners just as the Golden Age of Children’s Literature embraced the grand cultural tradition of portals to faerie.

3. Adolescence must necessarily be fetishized, but we must be clear on what we fetishize. The appeal is the certainty of one’s alienation, the complete rejection of aesthetic or moral compromise, a sense of identity largely untainted by the notion of “work,” and an incandescent focus on the present moment.

4. Adolescent is an adjective. We fetishize adolescence. We do not fetishize adolescents. (Indeed, there is no intrinsic reason why adolescent literature needs to feature adolescents as such.) We leave adolescents to their own devices, for they are better at being adolescents than we can possibly be.

5. Adolescent literature is not made by adolescents. Inherent to the movement is a sense of loss - a desire to recapture our own disaffection. This is the central appeal of adolescent literature to the present moment. Adolescence is defined by a propensity to take radicalism and extremism seriously, and thus adolescent literature gives us a license to contemplate the rejection of basic premises of the world.

6. A rejection of naturalism, whether subtle as with magical realism or emphatic as with outright sci-fi and fantasy, is a strong tool in adolescent literature. It is going too far to say that adolescent literature cannot be naturalist, but naturalism is not a default assumption.

7. Adolescent literature must be queer literature.

8. Adolescence is not about coming of age. If characters come of age, this must be understood as emergence from a chrysalis and as transformation, not as growing into a role that has already been prescribed. The only thing for which growing up is an acceptable metaphor is death.

9. The Hero’s Journey, with its embrace of the return home, is fundamentally a reactionary structure that must be emphatically rejected.

10. Nostalgia is not the enemy. But its purpose is to uncover what has been forgotten about the past. One is not nostalgic for the tombstone, but for what is buried beneath it. Our default cultural images of past moments are prisons from which we must liberate our fellow revolutionaries.

11. The 1960s, rock music, digital utopianism, quirkiness: however fertile the soil might have been, these grounds are now barren.

12. Offending your parents is a prerequisite, but it is not an end in itself.

13. The text itself is worthless. The only aura that matters in a work of art is that which is generated by the experience of consuming it. Value is generated by the act of getting off on something.

I am open to suggestions for further points.

A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones 1.05: The Wolf and the Lion

A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones is funded by my backers on Patreon. I apologize for the late post this week.

Analysis


The choir goes off. The board is laid out thusly:

Direwolves of King’s Landing: Eddard Stark, Sansa Stark, Arya Stark, 
Stags of King’s Landing: Robert Baratheon, Joffrey Baratheon
Lions of King’s Landing: Jaime Lannister, Cersei Lannister
Direwolves of the Eyrie: Catelyn Stark, 
Mockingbirds of King’s Landing: Petyr Baelish
Kraken of Winterfell: Theon Greyjoy
Direwolves of Winterfell: Bran Stark
Dogs of Kings Landing: Sandor Clegane
And the Lion of the Eyrie, Tyrion Lannister

Vaes Dothrak lies abandoned. The Wall is unmanned. 

The episode is in eight parts. The first runs eight minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the opening shot is an establishing shot of the city over a bridge, which Ned Stark is walking across. 

The second runs three minutes and is set on the road to the Eyrie; the transition is by hard cut, from Ser Loras sharing his victory with the Hound to one of Lady Stark’s men gathering water, and by family, the previous scene having featured Sansa. It features numerous deaths in a small battle, including a hill tribesman killed by Tyrion, who smashes his head with a shield repeatedly.

The third runs four minutes and is set in Winterfell; the transition is by family and into dialogue, from Catelyn to Bran, who brings her up in conversation. 

The fourth runs fifteen minutes long and in three sections;  it is set in King’s Landing. The first section is mere seconds long; the transition is by hard cut, from Theon and Ros to a cat being chased by Arya. The second is eleven minutes long; the transition is by family, from Arya to Ned. The last is four minutes long; the transition is by hard cut, from Varys addressing Littlefinger to Arya exiting the catacombs. At the episode’s halfway point, Arya is trying to warn her father about what she overheard in the dungeons just before Yorren arrives to warn him of what Catelyn has done. 

The fifth part run one minute and is set in the Eyrie; the transition is by family and dialogue, from Ned Stark learning that Catelyn has taken Tyrion to Catelyn and Tyrion.

The sixth runs five minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the transition is by family, from Catelyn to Ned.

The seventh runs three minutes and is set in the Eyrie; the transition is by family, from Ned and Littlefinger to Catelyn and Lyssa Arryn.


The eighth run fifteen minutes and is in three sections; it is set in King’s Landing. The first section is four minutes long; the transition is by hard cut, from Tyrion shivering in his skycell to Renly and Loras. The second is six minutes long; the transition is by family, from Renly to Robert. The third is five minutes long; the transition is by family, from Robert to one of his bastards. It features the death of Jory, stabbed in the eye by Jaime Lannister. The final shot is Lord Eddard Stark, collapsing after being grievously injured by Jaime Lannister, who demands that his brother be freed from Mornington Crescent. 

Commentary

Even a casual comparison of the state of play to previous rounds will reveal the extent to which this round is different from previous ones. The previous three episodes were in eleven, fourteen, and twelve parts; “The Wolf and the Lion” is in eight. Not since “Winter is Coming” has an episode been in as few parts as this, and there the entire cast save for the Targaryen contingent was sharing a single location. Here there is no equivalent reason. The Stark diaspora has well and truly happened, and indeed, this episode marks the expansion of the board to include a fifth location in the form of the Eyrie. Instead we have what will increasingly become a common stratagem, whereby gameplay only actually progresses at some of the board’s locations and with some of the available pieces. Again, numbers are worth citing: there are eighteen main cast members for the first season. Respectively, the first four episodes featured seventeen, seventeen, sixteen, and eighteen of them. “The Wolf and the Lion” features thirteen, dropping not just the casts of Vaes Dothrak and the Wall, but also omitting Robb from Winterfell. 

The point, in other words, is that “The Wolf and the Lion” is fundamentally shaped differently than the episodes before it. It has the closest thing the series has yet done to a straightforward A-plot/B-plot, with King’s Landing intrigue making up forty-three minutes over half of the eight parts, Tyrion’s captivity making seven minutes in three parts, and Winterfell getting a four minute cameo in a single part early on. And it’s worth noting that the two primary plots are closely intertwined, with their convergence serving to aggressively rework the status quo in King’s Landing, to say the least. This is fitting, especially given the structure of “Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things,” which emphasized the weight of Tyrion’s capture, and goes a long way towards illustrating the way in which storytelling is going to work in the broader sense, as the consequences of events roll outwards from where they take place.

And yet all of this is, as ever, profoundly misleading, as, indeed, is the title of the episode, which suggests that the political situation of Westeros is as dualistic as the magical one. In reality, however, the entire structure of the episode screams otherwise. Catelyn’s capture of Tyrion shifts the balance of power, but it is only the confluence of it and Jorah’s betrayal of Daenerys that really dooms Ned. Had either event not taken place, or, more accurately, had news of either event not reached King’s Landing at the same time, Ned would almost certainly have been fine, either because he would have escaped the city without encountering Jaime or because he would have still been Hand of the King and thus more or less untouchable to Jaime. Which means that for all the episode pretends that its central dualism is between Stark and Lannister, Wolf and Lion, it ultimately serves to reveal the dragon looming over both. 

This fact is literalized in the episode’s most fascinating sequence, the one in which Arya overhears the conversation between Varys and Illyrio, or, more precisely, the moment immediately before it. Here the camera does an unusually large amount of storytelling work. The sequence begins with the camera aimed up a flight of stairs, down which runs a cat, and, shortly thereafter, Arya Stark. As Arya reaches the bottom of the stairs the camera begins to push in towards her, centering on her face as she reacts in shock to something unseen. Then comes the reverse shot of a massive dragon’s skull, but the camera continues its push seamlessly between them, so that the effect is of a zoom in on Arya’s face suddenly changing into a zoom-in on the dragon skull. Through all of this, the music holds the dramatic chord used to respond to the closing line of the previous scene (Varys’s “he started asking questions”), sustaining it for nearly fifteen seconds, though allowing it to fade to behind the sound of Arya’s footsteps as she runs, coming back up in the mix as the camera pushes in towards Arya before finally resolving into a second dramatic chord, slightly lower-pitched, for the shot of the skull.

The result is to highlight the skull as an object of wonder and terror - to make it conspicuous and unusual against the backdrop of the Red Keep, and to establish that this is a magical object. A similar effect happens shortly thereafter, as a low-to-the-ground tracking shot that emphasizes the sheer scale of the skull resolves into a POV shot of Arya as she approaches it, dwarfed completely by it, before she hears voices and quickly takes refuge within the skull. The subsequent dialogue, from which the episode title is taken, is heard from within a dragon, structurally mirroring the way in which the Lannister/Stark conflict and the Targaryens briefly and coincidentally coincide a few minutes later in the episode. 

This scene is also interesting for the way in which it is forced by adaptation to reveal information very differently from the book. In the book, the figures Arya overhears are difficult to identify, as Arya does not herself recognize them. Accordingly, there’s only a hazy description such that even attentive readers will at best be able to have a good guess as to who they are at this stage of the game. (It is, for comparison’s sake, wildly more subtle than Jon Snow’s parentage.) On television, however, the narrative techniques that allow the characters’ identities to remain obscured are simply not present. The scene must take place between two actors, and so the audience is told outright that the conversation takes place between Varys and Illyrio. In comparison, it is not until A Dance with Dragons that Varys’s true loyalties are established. 

It is also worth looking at the larger structure of this part of the episode. The second and largest section of it, which, at eleven minutes, is longer than either the B or C plots of the entire episode, consists of three distinct scenes. This is not uncommon - the show will follow characters from scene to scene where it can manage it. But the unifying character for the three scenes is Varys, a character who has essentially no major scenes prior to his conversation with Ned at the start of the section. But in rapid succession the audience sees Varys plays opposite three separate people, shifting his strategy significantly with each turn. To give Varys such an anchoring role in the episode is unusual, and immediately sets him at an odd remove from the rest of the board.

And so in many ways the most significant words of the episode are his last council to Illyrio before the pair of them move out of Arya’s hearing, in which he notes that “this is no longer a game for two players,” a statement that is entirely untrue, as Illyrio is quick to point out: it never was.

Comics Reviews (March 11, 2015)

From worst to best of what I bought this week. Rather a drab week on the whole, although I really did love my top two a lot.

The Amazing Spider-Man #16

A split story, with a fourteen page lead feature and a six page backup. The result was unsatisfying to me - nothing felt like it had quite enough room to be interesting, and the result falls firmly into a trap plaguing a couple Marvel books right now, namely "is it Secret Wars yet?"

Miles Morales: The Ultimate Spider-Man #11

The shock final page reveal is the appearance of the character on the cover.

Thor #6

I gather that, among misogynistic assholes, this comic has become the preferred object of hatred for its allegedly pointless diversity. This is silly. The idea of a female Thor remains a good one. The idea of Rosalind Solomon as Thor, which is the main one they're teasing, is an absolutely great one. The decision to make this a mystery and not just do a "Rosalind Solomon is Thor" book, on the other hand, is continuing to be badly underwhelming. I want to defend this comic, given the sheer toxicity of its attackers, but... it's just not working, story wise.

Captain Marvel #13

More basically competent space adventure. I should probably drop this.

Star Wars #3

My basic lack-of-caring about Star Wars kind of flared up here, and I was definitely reminded that this is a book I'm only reading because Kieron Gillen is writing its counterpart. Nevertheless, I suspect this is the best Star Wars comic in recent memory, just based on how good it seems to be at being Star Wars. It's just that this doesn't much recommend it to me.

New Avengers #31

This was the first comic I opened this week, which means I have to grudgingly admit that I'm excited for Secret Wars. That said, it's tough to think of a revelation that could have been less promising than "Rabum Alal is Doctor Doom," simply because of how conservative an answer it is. Ah well. Still excited, I think.

Silver Surfer #10

Capable and fun, but I have to admit, this feels in hindsight like a box ticking story. Of course a run on Silver Surfer had to do Galactus eventually, and while this was a fine take on that, it was also notably less inventive than the book can be. I was mildly surprised to find out there was going to be an issue eleven, although I'll admit, it sounds like a very exciting one.

Southern Cross #1

Picked up on a whim. I'm not quite as sold on Becky Cloonan as a writer as I am as an artist (where she's one of my favorites), but this is a capable sci-fi mystery story, and I'm glad I checked it out. We'll see if I notice and remember to grab the second issue, but if I see it, I'll pick it up. So, not quite committing to this as one to rave about and follow, but it's worth having a glance at if "sci-fi mystery" is up your alley.

All-New X-Men #37

In contrast to Miles Morales: The Ultimate Spider-Man, the two characters on the cover of this don't even appear in the comic. Instead we get a rather lovely Jean Grey/Emma Frost story that, while surely unsatisfying to those who haven't liked Bendis's characterization of Emma Frost, struck me as exactly the sort of nice character-based X-Men story that was always the real promise of Bendis doing X-Men. Fun, basically.

Spider-Gwen #2

Still loving the hell out of this. A joy of what, on Tumblr, I took to calling the New Pop in comics, which is very much related to my proposed Golden Age of Adolescent Literature movement. Bright colors, teen angst, and Peter Porker the Spectacular Spider-Ham. Seriously, what more can you ask for from a comic?

Ms. Marvel #13

I love the "Kamala has a crush" angle here - Wilson doing teen romance comics is a spot-on and satisfying thing. One imagines there's a sting coming, what with all the hints of weird Inhuman factions and the like, but this is nevertheless another great installment of what I'm pretty much willing to call the best comic book currently being written by an American.

And So It Begins (The Last War in Albion Part 87: October Incident: 1966)

This is the fifteenth of sixteen (it grew) parts of The Last War in Albion Chapter Nine, focusing on Alan Moore's work on V for Vendetta for Warrior (in effect, Books One and Two of the DC Comics collection). An omnibus of all fifteen parts can be purchased at Smashwords. If you purchased serialization via the Kickstarter, check your Kickstarter messages for a free download code.

The stories discussed in this chapter are currently available in a collected edition, along with the eventual completion of the story. UK-based readers can buy it here.

Previously in The Last War in Albion: Eventually, the wheels came off at Warrior amidst a number of ego clashes, many involving Moore, who fell out with both Dez Skinn and his Marvelman artist and longtime collaborator Alan Davis. 

"There is a moment of crystalline silence. The storm holds its breath. And so it begins..." - Alan Moore, Marvelman

the period in question was one where Moore was bringing a number of projects to a close. He ended his Captain Britain work in June, done his last D.R. & Quinch in May, and then pulled Marvelman in August. Taken in the context of his ceasing work on Future Shocks for 2000 AD in the wake of the Swamp Thing job and a different picture of why he was dropping projects starts to emerge - especially given that this is around when DC would have started offering him additional work. Certainly that’s Alan Davis’s contention when he states bluntly, “Alan clearly quit both Captain Britain and Marvelman at virtually the same time but claims external, unconnected reasons for both. Isn’t it simpler to accept that with Swamp Thing and new offers from DC – which were far better paid – the volume of work increased to a point where choices had to be made. I know I, amongst many other creators, was hoping for a call from DC.” But this “pure self-interest” theory of Moore’s actions still doesn’t explain why he persisted with V for Vendetta in Warrior, which would have been just as low-paying. Some of it, surely, is that Lloyd was keen for it to continue, noting that “I was very happy to keep doing it because Dez was still paying me money,” and that, more importantly, he was passionate about the work, saying that “nothing was more important to us… it was ours. And we could do what we liked with it.” And there was, to be sure, a practical consideration: the project had a planned ending that, one reached, would allow it to find new life as a stand-alone volume. Whatever Warrior’s flaws, it was at least adequate to the task of funding the work’s completion, and if Lloyd was happy with its payment, well, he was the one who most needed the money. V for Vendetta was still his main job, as opposed to a passion project to be done on days he didn’t have any Swamp Thing work to do.

Nevertheless, this highlights a truth, albeit an obvious one, about Moore’s tendency to have professional relationships come to unhappy conclusions, which is that his positions are not pure and absolute principles that override all other concerns. It is indeed often, though certainly not always the case that Moore’s principled stands are also for positions that benefit him. The observation by Alan Davis and others that his stands are often much more about his benefit than his collaborators’ is a fair one. Again, there are certainly many cases where Moore has taken a stand for his collaborators, but there are undoubtedly times when he’s put his own interests first. Equally, however, it is clear that Moore is genuinely invested in his principles. He walked away from Doctor Who Monthly at a point in his career when he could hardly afford to give up work, and the magnitude of some of his stances, most notably his refusal of money from film versions of his work, makes it difficult not to credit the stated principles behind them. But this is how principles work, in reality, and there is no contradiction in the fact that financial success makes the risks inherent in principled stands more manageable. 

It is also worth noting that there is a meaningful distinction between the question of why Moore stopped working for a given publisher and why he never returned. There is no real doubt that the reason Moore stopped writing Captain Britain was a combination of not needing a low and erratically-paying gig anymore and not enjoying it as much following Bernie Jaye’s departure. There is also no doubt that the reason Moore never returned to work for Marvel was their handling of the Marvelman trademark issue. A similar logic applies to Dez Skinn and Warrior. What led him Moore wind down his work for the magazine and what, in years since, has come to characterize his attacks on Skinn are distinct. 

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Figure 664: Warrior ended with issue #26.
Whatever the subtle nuances of Moore’s decision-making, the matter was largely moot. Just five issues after the last Marvelman strip saw print, Warrior folded with issue #26. By this point, its star had fallen quite far. The six features in Warrior #26 are, aside from V for Vendetta, unheralded strips by minor figures such as Grant Morrison, whose resume at the time was even thinner than Moore’s had been when he landed V for Vendetta and Marvelman (and Moore was conspicuous as the only name in Warrior #1 who wasn’t already an established industry name). Despite only having published a couple stories in a defunct Scottish magazine, a local newspaper strip, and a series of space combat-heavy Starblazer issues, with most of these credits being several years old by 1985, Morrison had been on Skinn’s radar for a bit, ever since he'd sent an unsolicited script for a Kid Marvelman story entitled "October Incident: 1966."

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Figure 665: Joe Quesada's more open
style. (Written by Grant Morrison, art
by Joe Quesada, from "The October
Incident: 1966" in All-New Miracleman
Annual #1
, 2014, from a 1984 script.)
For many years, this script was one of the great lost artifacts of the War, but in 2014 Marvel, seeking to bring attention to their flagging reprint series of Moore’s Marvelman/Miracleman material, published the All-New Miracleman Annual #1, which consisted of two stories - a new Peter Milligan/Mike Allred collaboration and a Joe Quesada-illustrated adaptation of Morrison’s by then thirty-year old script. In many regards this adaptation is less interesting than the reprinting of Morrison’s original script in the backmatter for the Annual. Quesada’s adaptation is artistically capable - Quesada talked in interviews about how he tried to adopt “a somewhat European comics approach, specifically citing Moebius and Sergio Toppi as influences. “I traditionally enjoy using a lot of black and shadow in my work,” he explained, “but I intentionally forced myself to work in an open style.” Part of this, along with the basic need for a $4.99 high-profile annual to have a decent number of story pages, meant that Morrison’s script, which was written with the idea of being a standard-length strip in Warrior, is expanded to eleven pages, four of them full-page splashes. 

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Figure 666: The priest recalls the nuclear explosion that spelled the end of
Marvelman. (Written by Grant Morrison, art by Joe Quesada, from "The October
Incident: 1966" in All-New Miracleman Annual #1, 2014, from a 1984 script.)
This has the effect of slowing the pace of the script considerably, which is a significant problem for Morrison’s script, which was on the slow side to begin with. Morrison calls for twenty-nine panels, which would make for a roughly five page story. (In comparison, the final six Marvelman strips Moore penned for Warrior are 41, 38, 38, 33, 33, and 26 panels respectively, each over six pages, and it is notable that the last of these featured what is, by Warrior standards, a ridiculously decadent two splash pages.) On top of that, the plot is aggressively straightforward - a priest, in 1966, walks along a beach where he’d seen some awful event three years past, recalling “memories of fire in the sky and of glory that blazed white as the sun on the night the old dragon was cast out of heaven,” memories the reader quickly realizes are of Kid Marvelman falling from Dr. Gargunza’s nuclear trap. As he kneels on the beach and prays, he is visited by Kid Marvelman, who, after a brief conversation, incinerates him. At six pages, this would have been a slender bit of filler, although it’s no more disposable than, for example, the five page Alan Moore/John Ridgway “Young Marvelman” story that saw print a year earlier in Warrior #12. 

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Figure 667: Joe Quesada's heavily decompressed panel structure meant
that this sequence took up half a page. (Written by Grant Morrison, art
by Joe Quesada, from "The October Incident: 1966" in All-New Miracleman
Annual
 #1, 2014, from a 1984 script.)
And for all the script’s frailties - frailties that are hardly unexpected for someone working on what would have been his tenth multi-page professional credit, roughly the equivalent of Moore’s contribution to the 1980 2000 AD Sci-Fi Special, “A Holiday in Hell” - it is, at least, a capable execution of Moore’s style for Marvelman, which was always one of the strips he wrote in his distinctive caption-heavy style. Morrison captures the effect well, framing his story with two extended and suitably portentous narrations. “It was the dream,” the story opens, over an image of the priest walking along the shore. “The dream had come back after three years. He knew it was a warning when he woke to the grey light and the wind. The days of the revelation were come upon the world and something unclean was abroad. Something venomous was walking the quiet roads and the lonely pathways, something cold and far from human. He prays to the almighty that it will pass him by,” a beginning not entirely dissimilar to that of the start of Book Two of Marvelman, “Catgames,” which opens, “Downwind, a scent, a strong scent… a wrong scent. Thick, powerful urine and bitter, rotting metal… rotting metal? Something bad. Something big. Something coming.” And while it is true that Moore’s Marvelman strips tended to move at a somewhat more energetic pace, even Morrison’s languid pacing can credibly be explained as Moore’s influence if one imagines Morrison’s script as an attempt to bring some of the more dread-laden horror pacing of Moore’s Swamp Thing work back home to Warrior.

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Figure 668: The photograph of Grant Morrison
that Joe Quesada used as reference for Kid
Miracleman. (Judy Cartwright, 1984)
And while Moore’s influence on Morrison’s script is obvious (and entirely understandable, given that Morrison was pitching a strip meant to fit seamlessly into Moore’s overall narrative), it is not as though Morrison did not have ideas of his own. Perhaps the most compelling comes in his account of 1966 Kid Marvelman’s appearance in the description of the fourth panel, which describes him as having a Beatles-style haircut and as “wearing a black vinyl short raincoat, black poloneck jumper, black drainpipe trousers and black chelsea boots. His face is strong and cruel with high cheekbones and slanting eyebrows. He is smiling in a slight, wicked way. His body is slim. He looks like a mod angel of death.” Morrison later, in the interview which led Quesada to realize that the 1984 script survived and could be revived, japed that “I made the teenage mod Johnny Bates look exactly like me, forever damning myself as Moore’s Devil.” This is perhaps overstating the case, inasmuch as an actual visual image of teenage mod Johnny Bates was not actually realized until thirty years later, but there is unmistakably a basic truth to it, and when Quesada came to illustrate the script he used a 1984 photograph of Morrison as a goth-mod brooding by the Ayrshire shore as reference for Bates, finally allowing Morrison his longed-for damnation.

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Figure 669: Kid Miracleman, drawn as Grant Morrison, proclaims the
apocalypse. (Written by Grant Morrison, art by Joe Quesada, from "The
October Incident: 1966" in All-New Miracleman Annual #1, 2014, from a
1984 script.)
There is something more than slightly dramatically appropriate about this act, which comes late enough in the war that it is impossible to understand it in any context other than a magical attack, with Morrison forcibly inserting himself into Moore’s seminal work to wreck havoc. Under this reading, however, the mad hubris of Kid Miracleman is a striking and indeed troubling thing. “The apocalypse has arrived,” Kid Morrisonman gloats at the terrified priest. “I can do any bloody thing I want and you can’t stop me, you pathetic old witch doctor!” And yet for all the unsettling bravado of the move, there is also something strangely self-defeating about it. Morrison’s attack upon the conceptual territory of Marvelman comes long after Moore had fled the scene - indeed, the nature of the deals Marvel cut to pre-empt any legal action over the copyright status of the character meant that they were unable to actually publicly acknowledge who had written the 1980s comics they were publishing with lush new digital coloring, with all of the issues of their Miracleman series crediting the stories to simply to “the Original Writer,” leaving Morrison to embrace the role of the taunting devil only to find the figure he meant to taunt conspicuously absent, leaving him with all of the confinement of damnation and none of the liberation, a mad god ruling a kingdom of just under 22,000 sales, less than that month’s installment of Kieron Gillen and Jamie McKelvie’s The Wicked and the Divine, and with frankly less potential for digital and trade paperback sales to boot. 

But this outcome was perhaps inevitable given the historical space Morrison was attempting to revise. Three separate accounts of exactly what happened with “October Incident: 1966” exist. These are in several regards impossible to reconcile, but the broad strokes are nevertheless the same - Skinn liked Morrison’s script to suggest to Moore that they might run it, Moore indicated displeasure with this plan, and the idea was dropped, leaving the script unpublished until 2014. The earliest account of this came in 2001 when George Khoury interviewed Dez Skinn for Kimota! The Miracleman Companion, and Skinn mentioned Morrison’s submission. As Skinn tells it, “Grant came in at the tail end of Warrior and wanted to try his hand at “Marvelman” as Alan Moore had stopped writing it,” and describing Morrison’s submission of “a Kid Marvelman story, about a discussion between Kid Marvelman and a Catholic priest.” In Skinn’s account, he thought the script was “bloody clever” and forwarded it to Moore, who declared simply “nobody else writes Marvelman,” leading Skinn to tell Morrison, “I’m sorry. He’s jealously hanging on to this one.” Regarding Morrison’s reaction to this, Skinn simply says that he “did have an answer, but again, I shouldn’t really speak for him.”

Image may be NSFW.
Clik here to view.
Figure 670: Kid Miracleman flying and
incinerating a priest. (Written by Grant
Morrison, art by Joe Quesada, from "The
October Incident: 1966," in All-New
Miracleman Annual
 #1, 2014, from a 1984
script.)
But Skinn’s interviews must always be taken with a grain of salt, and this one is clearly no exception. His description of Morrison’s story is of one where “Kid Marvelman argued a very good case against organized religion. Nobody was flying, no beams from anybody’s eyes.” This is, as the 2014 release of the script demonstrates, flatly untrue. The extent of Kid Marvelman’s case against organized religion is “Jesus only walked on the water. But me… I walk on the air,” a line accompanied by Morrison’s panel description “Track in towards the young man, whose feet are seen to be leaving the ground ever so slightly,” which is to say, flying, or, as Morrison has it two panels later, “hanging in the air as though in parody of the crucifixion. Lightning is crackling around his outstretched hands. " Given that nearly every detail Skinn remembers about the content of Morrison’s “brilliant” script is completely wrong, it is difficult to completely credit his overall account of events.

Image may be NSFW.
Clik here to view.
Figure 671: Ironically, the one detail Skinn correctly remembered, that
Morrison's script featured no beams from anybody's eyes, was undone by
Quesada when the script was finally illustrated. (Written by Grant Morrison,
art by Joe Quesada, from "The October Incident: 1966," in All-New Miracleman
Annual #1
, 2014, from a 1984 script.)
A second account emerged in 2010 in the documentary Grant Morrison: Talking with Gods, with Morrison himself relating the story with occasional interjections from a separate interview with Skinn. Morrison and Skinn tell of Morrison stopping by the Warrior offices with, as Morrison puts it, a “Kid Marvelman spec script” that Skinn immediately purchased, in what Morrison described as “a really good jump for me.” Morrison is blunt about what happened: “Alan Moore had it spiked. He said it was never to be published,” an event Morrison credits for the “slight antagonism” that exists between the two creators. Morrison goes on to claim that Skinn, following his falling out with Moore, “asked me to continue Marvelman,” an opportunity he was tremendously excited by, but that Morrison, when he wrote to Moore asking for his blessing, received back “this really weird letter” beginning “I don’t want this to sound like the softly hissed tones of a Mafia hitman, but back off” and threatening Morrison’s future career if he carried on. [continued]

Saturday Waffling (March 14th, 2015)

I feel like we should talk about Terry Pratchett this weekend, no?

A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones 1.06: A Golden Crown


State of Play

The choir goes off. The board is laid out thusly.

Direwolves of King’s Landing: Eddard Stark, Sansa Stark, Arya Stark
Stags of King’s Landing: King Robert Baratheon, Joffrey Baratheon
Direwolves of the Eyrie: Catelyn Stark
Lions of King’s Landing: Cersei Lannister
Dragons of Vaes Dothrak: Daenerys Targaryen, Viserys Targaryen
Bears of Vaes Dothrak: Jorah Mormont
Mockingbirds of King’s Landing: Petyr Baelish
Starks of Winterfell: Robb Stark, Bran Stark
Kraken of Winterfell: Theon Greyjoy
And the Lion of the Eyrie, Tyrion Lannister

The Wall is unmanned.

The episode is in thirteen parts. The first is four minutes long and is set in King’s Landing. The first shot is of Ned Stark in bed recovering from his injuries.

The second is two minutes long and is set in Vaes Dothrak. The transition is by dialogue, from Ned and Robert talking about Daenerys to Daenerys. 

The third is five minutes long and is set in Winterfell. The transition is by family, from Daenerys Targaryen to Brynden Rivers. It features the death of several wildlings in a skirmish with Robb and Theon. 

The fourth is one minute long and is set in the Eyrie. The transition is by image, from Osha being taken captive to Tyrion in a skycell. 

The fifth is two minutes long and is set in King’s Landing. The transition is by image, from the closed door of Tyrion’s cell to Syrio closing the door. 

The sixth is six minutes long and is set in Vaes Dothrak. The transition is by hard cut, to Arya beginning dancing lessons with Syrio having heard his views on the Many-Faced God to Daenerys eating a horse’s heart. 

The seventh is eight minutes long and is set in the Eyrie. The transition is by hard cut, from Jorah to an establishing shot of the skycell. At the episode’s halfway point, Tyrion is demanding a proper trial. 

The eighth is six minutes long and is in two sections; it set in King’s Landing. The first is section is two minutes long. The transition is by hard cut, from Bronn shrugging to a shot of the forest and Robert’s hunting party. The other section is four minutes long; the transition is by theme, from Robert to the Iron Throne. 

The ninth is four minutes long and is set in the Eyrie. The transition is by dialogue, from Ned Stark talking about the Lannisters to Tyrion. It features the death of Ser Vardis Egan, killed in battle by Bronn.

The tenth is three minutes long and is set in King’s Landing. The transition is by hard cut, from Tyrion walking free to Sansa and Septa Mordane. 

The eleventh is one minute long and is set in Winterfell. The transition is by theme, from Sansa kissing Joffrey as part of his abuse and manipulation of her to Theon confronting Roz as she goes to King’s Landing. 

The twelfth is two minutes long and is set in King’s Landing. The transition is by dialogue, from Roz riding off to King’s Landing to King’s Landing. 

The thirteenth runs five minutes and is set in Vaes Dothrak. The transition is inadvertently by dialogue, but intended to be by hard cut, from Ned talking about Joffrey’s golden hair to the Targaryens. It features the death of Viserys Targaryen, killed when Khal Drogo dumps a pot of melted gold over his head. The final shot is of Daenerys’s face as she proclaims that fire cannot kill a dragon without first reaching Mornington Crescent. 

Analysis

There are two firsts in this episode that may not immediately be obvious. First, although there have been previous deaths in the series, some quite graphic, this is the first episode in which a credited regular dies. Second, and not unrelatedly, it is the first time the title of the episode has come from the Targaryen plotline. These facts largely set the tone, and a look at numbers is also compelling. Here’s the number of minutes devoted to wherever Ned Stark is in each of the first five episodes: 35, 31, 30, 23, 43. In “A Golden Crown,” King’s Landing amounts to seventeen minutes of the episode, with the Eyrie and Vaes Dothrak each at thirteen, and Winterfell at another six. While Ned Stark is still a bigger share of this episode than anyone else, his plot is less emphasized here than it ever has been.

In some ways this is necessary. Ned’s plot, by this point, has become one that depends both on him not being alone with Robert lest it advance prematurely.  The show has an efficient and effective plan to handle this, but the bulk of that is put into place next episode, and for now there’s very little for the plot in King’s Landing to do. Worse, the biggest and most important scene, the one in which Ned sits upon the Iron Throne, is a textbook example of the sort of scene that prose is better suited to, since it has the space necessary to give exposition about the implications of events by tracing through Ned’s thought processes as he reacts to events. Instead the show has to rely on an enormously labored trick of having Littlefinger obsequiously deliver exposition that all the characters already know as a means of manipulating Ned, which means that the bulk of implications and consequences of the scene get swallowed. 

With the focus comparatively off King’s Landing for an episode, attention can instead go to two other characters, namely Tyrion and Viserys. Of these, it is Tyrion who is perhaps the most overdue. His importance as a character has been stressed in a number of structural ways, from his framing of “Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things” to his introduction at the precise halfway point of “Winter is Coming,” but to date he hasn’t actually done much of anything. His trial scene is a real opportunity both for Peter Dinklage to finally cut loose as an actor and for the character to show what he’s good at, and it’s both written and shot gloriously. It’s not really until this point that it becomes clear that Tyrion’s major structural role is as a character who can plausibly talk his way out of absolutely anything. (It’s probably worth giving a quick nod to the fact that the great Jane Espenson contributed to this script, as this is the sort of scene she excels at.) 

The scene also makes the narrative’s presence at the Eyrie interesting, however. Although it will stay on the map for two further episodes, once Tyrion strolls out a free man the action there is in effect concluded, and it will be a long time in the narrative before the Eyrie casts much influence over the plot. This will happen again in a few episodes, and in both cases the location’s presence serves as a gesture forward - a promise that these are places and concepts that viewers will want to remember at some indeterminate future point. In this regard, Tyrion is basically being used as he was on the Wall, providing an introduction to a location that he has little to no long-term future in. 

But it is the events across the Narrow Sea that are, clearly, the most important here. As with (almost) any of the times in which a credited regular dies (Viserys is the first of a dozen to have done so to date), the removal of a piece from the board marks a significant shift in the balance of power. In this case, the effect is largely liberatory. Viserys had by this point spent four episodes being established as an idiot who stood in Daenerys’s way. His removal from play serves mainly to allow Daenerys to develop in the ways that have been set up for four episodes now without having to deal with him. It is, in other words, a relatively safe death. Instead what really stands out about it is its gruesomeness - the sheer macabre brutality of how Viserys dies. This is something the show set up carefully in the preceding two episodes, first with the lingeringly gruesome shot of Ser Hugh’s death in “Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things,” then with the death of Jory in “The Wolf and the Lion,” and it goes a long way towards making Viserys’s death have weight on its own terms instead of just feeling like it was long overdue.

But what is interesting is the way in which Viserys misunderstands the plot of his own story. To be fair, his assumptions are not entirely out of line with the world in which he finds himself. There is ample evidence for his claim that the Targaryen line is a special and blessed thing. Virtually everything he says in his confrontation with Jorah about having the fate of a dynasty on his shoulders is true. As noted in “Winter is Coming,” the only thing he’s wrong about is his belief that he is the subject of the story he describes. But this raises further questions, most obviously why it is that he is not, in fact, the heroic subject. In one sense the reason is obvious: because he’s a complete ass. And yet why should this matter? While prophecies clearly hold considerable weight in the game, it is not as though craven fools do not from time to time ascend to power, and the idea that prophecy is some sort of insurance policy against injustice and incompetence is clearly ridiculous.


A more brutally tautological answer is simply that Viserys is not the Prince That Was Promised because Daenerys is (or, if one wants to get deep into the details of prophecies from the books, because she is one of three iterations thereof). But tautology is an unsatisfying answer, not least because underneath this is one of the great paradoxes animating the game. On the one hand, the game takes place in a world where prophecy exists and where absolute cosmic forces are at play. There is a dualism of ice and fire, and the interplay between them matters. On the other, the game is an acutely materialist one, where being a catastrophic fool is something that gets you killed. In the case of Viserys, it is possible to split the difference, concluding that his failure to retake the Seven Kingdoms is down primarily to prophetic bad luck, but that his death is due to him being too much of an idiot to simply flee as Jorah suggests. But this doesn’t eliminate the underlying tension between materialist history and magical prophecy that his death embodies. 

Pop Between Realities, Home in Time for Tea: Cucumber, Banana, Tofu

This is a bonus post, the topic of which was selected by my backers on Patreon. Voting is currently going on for next month's bonus post, with candidates including Orphan Black and China Mieville. Also Deadwood. Please, if you enjoy my blog and my work, consider chipping in a buck a week or so. Thanks.

Let's start with the title - mine, in this case, although Davies's is magnificent in its own right. I say this mostly as disclaimer - there's an awful lot to say about these three shows. They are very, very good. They deserve reams of analysis, and much of that really ought to come from within queer communities. They've gotten some, but not nearly enough. Nevertheless, I am me, and not the vast and polyvocal assemblage of queer communities, and I'm best known for writing a blog about Doctor Who, so the main angle here is going to be an auteur-centric take on the work of Russell T Davies. Much is left unsaid. Above anything else, I recommend watching them - if you're in the UK, I assume they exist via some sort of catch-up or video on demand service. If you're in the US, it looks like Logo TV is running them starting on April 13th, and hopefully they'll make iTunes and Amazon appearances at the same time.

Seriously, watch them, because they are the best work of Russell T Davies's career, and whatever we might say about the slow march towards an inevitable and entirely predictable end that was the tail end of Russell T Davies's Doctor Who, Davies remains one of the best television writers in the history of the medium, so a phrase like "the best work of Russell T Davies's career" carries some fucking weight.

So, to recap, after Miracle Day landed with the wet slap of a piece of tofu, Davies began developing a series for Showtime to be called Cucumber. This was a show he'd been talking about making since the latter days of his time on Doctor Who - a show about middle-aged gay men. Unfortunately production on this got delayed when his partner was diagnosed with cancer and the pair moved back to the UK, beginning a several year period of Davies basically not working save for Wizards vs Aliens and an episode of Old Jack's Boat that I bet you haven't seen either. Until, eventually, Cucumber re-emerged, now at Channel 4, and with a pair of spin-off shows in the form of Banana and Tofu.

The names, as Davies cheerily explained way back when he was making it in the US, and explains again in the opening scene of Cucumber, come from a study he read that classified the male erection into categories based on produce, with tofu being the softest and cucumber being the hardest. Indeed, much of the show is unchanged from the early teases, with the first episode retaining much of the description Davies gave Ben Cook back in The Writer's Tale when talking about what he wanted to do next.

There are a lot of obvious things to say about Cucumber, although that does not mean they are not, broadly speaking, worth saying. It is, for instance, a fantastically self-indulgent show. It's about a middle-aged gay man who ditches his perfectly successful middle class life in favor of living with a bunch of twenty-somethings, mostly in the hopes that he can cop off with one of them. And yet this can hardly be called a criticism of it. Yes, of course the show that Davies went to after being liberated from what, by the time it transmitted, was a decade long chunk of his career where the only things he did were in some way Doctor Who related is self-indulgent. As, frankly, you'd hope - indeed, insist. Surely what the world wants out of Russell T Davies right now is Russell T Davies.

Put another way, what really stands out about the produce triptych is the sense of confidence it exudes. Davies visibly knows that he could have gotten basically anything he wanted commissioned coming off the back of Doctor Who - indeed, he arguably tested that theory with Wizards vs Aliens. And so he simply wrote like he was never going to get another opportunity to get away with it this effortlessly, which he surely knew full well he wouldn't, because it's pretty self-evident that a drama about middle aged gay men is not going to make any sort of cultural dent comparable to that of Doctor Who. But he's at a position in his career where he can get a triple commission for shows like this, and he's clearly determined not to let that go to waste.

The result is a show that is gloriously brazen, although this is not entirely evident in its earliest episodes. There are bits in the first episode - a monologue about Ryan Reynolds, for instance, and a ridiculously macabre use of Kylie Minogue's "Your Disco Needs You" - that are pure Russell T Davies. But it's in later episodes that his style more decisively comes out - a section in the seventh episode, for instance, in which a sudden rainstorm traps three characters in their car, providing the occasion for an extended conversation in which various personal secrets and shames come out - is perhaps more indicative of the sort of thing Davies is doing with such confidence here. It's a blatantly contrived scene - the sort most writers would chicken out of because of the transparency of the artifice involved. Davies doesn't, and the scene is staggeringly good, with the artifice being, in effect, so transparent as to just get out of the way of the real drama, which is what the characters are saying. (And there really is some amazing stuff in what's said - Cucumber breaks genuinely new ground in gay drama in terms of its content.)

This has always been one of Davies's great virtues as a writer, although it's one that's easy to make sound less impressive than it is: he is breathtakingly efficient, capable of selling whatever emotion or point he wants to make in a way that is at once completely direct and devastatingly effective. What's joyful here, though, is to see him being so brave with that talent. There's a willingness to do things that announce their own cleverness, like the rainstorm scene, or the fact that the entire eight episode series goes out with a thunderingly brilliant shaggy dog joke, and simply trust that they're going to be well done enough to impress despite being self-evidently proud of themselves. The final episode of Banana is perhaps the biggest example of this: a two-hander in which half the dialogue is in Yoruba, which ends in a musical number about the exploited underclass of Britain. And to be clear, there's no exaggeration for impact there whereby I'm picking incidental features. That is pretty much how anyone would describe the episode. But while Banana may provide the triptych's most ostentatious display of confidence, it is not the defining moment of the series. No, that has to go to the sixth episode of Cucumber.

It is tempting, simply because I know this essay is in part evangelizing for the shows and that some of you are likely to watch them on this recommendation, to simply leave that statement there. Those who have seen Cucumber are, after all, simply nodding in agreement right now. Those who have not will, if they do watch it, know what I mean as soon as they do, and even I, who generally don't give a toss about spoilers, kind of want to just leave it there and let them experience it on its own terms.

Except that it is a piece of art that is sufficiently resolute to survive all issues of spoilers. Its central plot twist - the death of one of the series' major characters - is announced thirty seconds into the episode, and is a fairly obvious plot development given what leads up to it. Even knowing what happens, the episode is spectacularly dread-laden and unnerving. It's not an episode that anyone would have expected, given Davies's prior work, both because of the sheer physicality of violence within it, and because of some of the specific techniques he uses, including a weird intrusion of magical realism and a final montage that is absolutely chilling and disturbing. It is, in all sincerity, simply one of the best episodes of television ever made.

Which makes it all the more extraordinary that, pound for pound, Banana is the better show. I mean, Cucumber is a virtuoso performance. And Banana, unlike Cucumber, has some rough edges - the first and fifth episodes are both pretty weak, to be honest. But it is, I think, the show that does more important things. Where Cucumber is specifically focused on middle-aged gay men, and on letting Russell T Davies work through what are clearly some specific issues, Banana constitutes his attempt to do Skins. It's a half-hour anthology show featuring minor characters from Cucumber, generally the younger generation. Each episode is self-contained, requiring no knowledge of the larger show, and focused on a new character.

The result is an anthology of queerness that goes well beyond the specific gay male culture that has dominated the topic of gay rights and gay equality for decades. And while Cucumber is definitive proof that gay male culture still has fascinating things to say to the world, the variety and diversity of Banana is truly a thing of beauty. Its fourth episode is one of the best stories about trans people ever, full of delightfully human and vibrant moments. The sixth is a queer love story about anxiety disorders that is flat out one of the sweetest things I've ever seen, and so beautifully well done that it manages to stand up and be effective even if you watch it right after episode six of Cucumber.

But it's the second episode of Banana that, for me, most stands out. One of three written by Davies himself, when it aired I proclaimed it the best thing Davies had ever written, and while Cucumber 6 makes me have to amend that, it's still an absolute stunner - a story that takes one of Davies's oldest and most venerable themes, unrequited love, and pushes to to new and emphatic heights. As with much of Cucumber, its impact comes in no small part from its diversity - Davies is writing well outside his default wheelhouse with it, doing a story about a young, poor black woman. And he does incredible things with it.

Banana is also, as befits a younger show, more optimistic. Cucumber is funny, but its tone is ultimately one of ambivalence and coming to terms with things. Banana, on the other hand, takes as its default structure the love story, and quite frankly, queer love stories are, aesthetically, one of the most interesting things going on right now, in any medium. (I mused on Tumblr as to why this might be, so I'll offer a token hypothesis - because the queer experience is defined in part by the fear that you're weird and broken, and the love story is, as a structure, uniquely capable of grappling with that anxiety.) It's never as good as Cucumber's best episode, and its weakest episode is weaker than Cucumber ever gets, but it's a show the world needs, and not just the eight episodes that exist.

And finally there's Tofu, which is very much the odd one of the three. Unlike the first two, it's a non-fiction show, based mainly around interviews, both with the cast of Cucumber and Banana, and with ordinary people, talking about sex and sexuality. Overseen by Ben Cook, who got the job on the back of his YouTube work, it's an effective and fun little documentary series that I enjoyed as a palate cleanser after the two dramas that preceded it, and it has more than one properly brilliant moment in its runtime. It is perhaps the inessential one - I don't know if Logo is even taking it to the US, and while Cucumber and Banana ultimately each need each other (there are several moments in the last two episodes of Cucumber that are actually paying off bits of Banana), the truth is that they could function without Tofu.

But equally, and here we finally get into where I really wish more people were talking about these shows, and particularly people who are not heterosexual men like myself, Tofu does some fantastic stuff in terms of giving voice to perspectives that don't get enough exposure in popular culture. And that's a huge part of why these are important shows. They're not just brilliant, although they absolutely are that. They're new and fresh and telling stories that we need right now. One of the points I've been hitting on in the Comics Reviews, and really in general of late, is that diversity actually improves stories - that the biggest reason to stop doing stories about straight white guys is simply that other perspectives let you do new and interesting things that you can't do with yet another straight white guy protagonist. And if you want to see what I mean, well, watch Cucumber, Banana, and Tofu.

Comics Reviews (March 18th, 2015)

Comics reviews are a weekly feature provided because my Patreon provides over $200 for every week of blog content

From worst to best of what I bought, which wasn't much this week.

All-New X-Men #39 and Guardians Team-Up #3

Two parts of the largely unwanted Black Vortex crossover this week, and it plods along with the relentless lack of speed that characterizes multi-title crossovers. We've at least made it to the point where different books follow different characters, which is something. Curious to see how this works when it buggers off to some distinctly more minor titles come April, losing its anchoring in Guardians of the Galaxy and All-New X-Men. But it's a fairly intellectual curiosity - this is not particularly interesting, and I'm glad the X-books are now freed up to go work towards the end of Bendis's run.

Batgirl Endgame

A wordless one-shot that ties Batgirl into some Batman event I don't entirely understand, but that appears to involve some sort of Joker toxin virus. It's a slender thing, but worth highlighting this week in particular for an illustration of why spiking that Joker variant cover for Batgirl #41 mattered by demonstrating the virtues of letting Barbara Gordon be resolutely undefined by The Killing Joke, which remains the worst thing Alan Moore has ever written.

Loki: Agent of Asgard #12

One of those issues that sets up interesting things more than it does them - for someone with a better knack for remembering plot lines from recent comics, I suspect the rush of references here is very satisfying and fits together brilliantly. For me, who can't handle a comic without a recap page, it's less engaging, although I'm still really interested in where Ewing is going with Loki in the general case.

Captain America and the Mighty Avengers #6

Ultimately, this just repeats the revelation from last month, although now with new details of exactly how it is that Nextwave is being considered in-continuity, where it had previously apparently not been. (That's news to me, but.) Although the best line is clearly "The Beyonder? Oh god, I should have never taught that guy to poop." Because remember, kids, while there's apparently doubt that Nextwave: Agents of HATE, one of the greatest superhero series of the past decade, is in continuity, there's no doubt at all that Secret Wars II is. Ah, Marvel. I bet next issue will have LOTS MORE PUNCHING.

Batgirl #40

Batgirl defeats the angst-ridden version of herself defined by her disability and victimization so that Gotham City can rock the fuck out. God, I love this New Pop aesthetic of comics.

The Unbeatable Squirrel-Girl #3

I laughed multiple times over the course of this issue, which is really all you can ask for from a comic called The Unbeatable Squirrel-Girl. Much like Batgirl, this is firmly in the New Pop style (see also Spider-Gwen, The Wicked and the Divine, and Sex Criminals), which is worth defining more rigorously, as it's by miles the most exciting thing going on in comics right now. (Closely related to what Bleeding Cool slyly calls the "light and brighty" aesthetic.) Emphatic demonstrations that intelligent, carefully constructed comics do not have to be dark and brooding masterpieces. And next month, punching Galactus. Punching is important to comics.

Their Almost Sexual Hatred (The Last War in Albion Part 88: The Softly Hissed Tones of a Mafia Hitman, The Liberators)

This is the sixteenth of sixteen (it grew) parts of The Last War in Albion Chapter Nine, focusing on Alan Moore's work on V for Vendetta for Warrior (in effect, Books One and Two of the DC Comics collection). An omnibus of all fifteen parts can be purchased at Smashwords. If you purchased serialization via the Kickstarter, check your Kickstarter messages for a free download code.

The stories discussed in this chapter are currently available in a collected edition, along with the eventual completion of the story. UK-based readers can buy it here.

Previously in The Last War in Albion: As Grant Morrison began turning back towards comics in 1984, he started with an unsolicited Kid Marvelman story for Warrior, entitled "October Incident: 1966." 

"They were friends once, these creatures of near unimaginable power. Now, horns locked, they fight to the death in the pounding rain. There is passion here, but not human passion. There is fierce and desperate emotion, but not an emotion that we would recognize. They are titans, and we will never understand the alien inferno that blazes in the furnace of their souls. We will never grasp their hopes, their despair. Never comprehend the blistering rage that informs each devastating blow. We will never know the destiny that howls in their hearts, never know their pain, their love, their almost sexual hatred. We are only human, and perhaps we will be the less for that."- Alan Moore, Marvelman

Morrison is blunt about what happened: “Alan Moore had it spiked. He said it was never to be published,” an event Morrison credits for the “slight antagonism” that exists between the two creators. Morrison goes on to claim that Skinn, following his falling out with Moore, “asked me to continue Marvelman,” an opportunity he was tremendously excited by, but that Morrison, when he wrote to Moore asking for his blessing, received back “this really weird letter” beginning “I don’t want this to sound like the softly hissed tones of a Mafia hitman, but back off” and threatening Morrison’s future career if he carried on.

This account of events was flatly denied by Moore three years later in an interview with Lance Parkin for his biography of Moore, saying that it “has no bearing upon reality at all” and defying anyone to produce such a letter. Moore recalled Morrison’s script, saying that “Dez had rather sprung it on me out of the blue, and it didn’t fit in with the rather elaborate storyline that I was creating,” and explaining that he was “almost 100 per cent certain that I never wrote any kind of letter to Grant Morrison, let alone a threatening one,” with Skinn separately clarifying to Parkin that for his part, “I never saw or asked to see the letter Grant got,” but that he “enthusiastically sent Grant’s wonderful little cameo story up to Alan Moore, ill-aware of his growing possessive paranoia.” It is worth noting, however, that Moore and Skinn are, in these interviews, conflating what Morrison depicts as two separate events - Moore’s spiking of Morrison’s spec script, and the separate instance of Morrison being offered the opportunity to take over the main Marvelman strip.

Image may be NSFW.
Clik here to view.
Figure 672: Warrior #12 featured a wordless
five-pager starring Young Marvelman. (Written
by Alan Moore, art by John Ridgway, 1983)
One significant discrepancy arising among these accounts is the question of exactly when Morrison’s spec script arrived. Skinn recalls the script coming after Moore had left Marvelman, which would place it in August of 1984 or later. But Moore’s departure from the strip had been a quiet thing that was not publicly announced, and when Skinn did make a public statement acknowledging that Warrior was no longer publishing Marvelman in an editorial spread out over the final two issues, he gave the impression that the problem was Marvel’s legal action over the Marvelman Special and not the fact that he’d fallen out with the writer, a situation that would not really have suggested to Morrison that there was a vacancy to be filled. Given that the detail of Morrison submitting “October Incident: 1966” in response to Moore’s departure comes entirely from Skinn, as opposed to from Morrison himself, it seems on the whole more likely that Morrison was simply pitching a fill-in story akin to the five-page “Young Marvelman” story in Warrior #12 or the “Vertigo” and “Vincent” installments of V for Vendetta, this being, if nothing else, a far more reasonable thing for a writer looking to break in to pitch, as Morrison would surely have realized based on his previous industry experience.

Notably, Skinn, Morrison, and Moore are all in agreement over how Morrison was notified that “October Incident: 1966” would not be used, with the news being relayed by Skinn. But the reasons for this are trickier. Moore’s explanation - that the strip did not fit with his storyline - is largely unpersuasive - nothing in “October Incident: 1966” is difficult to reconcile with the rest of Moore’s story, and Morrison took care to set it in a period where nothing was really going on in Moore’s timeline, with Young Marvelman being dead and Marvelman proper in his amnesiac phase. Skinn’s explanation that Moore was jealous and paranoid fits with his general depictions of Moore, but this also means that it fits too heavily into the general pattern of Skinn denying that he’d done anything in the least bit unreasonable in his dealings with Moore, which, given that Moore was one of a half dozen major names in British comics to have been driven away from Warrior due to some aspect of Skinn’s handling of the business side, is not entirely credible either. 

Image may be NSFW.
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Figure 673: Marvelman eventually
returned in the US under a new title
via Eclipse Comics in 1985.
But if Moore was feeling a bit paranoid about Skinn’s suggestion of taking on a new writer for the strip it was hardly difficult to understand why. This period coincided with the negotiations for the deal that would eventually bring Marvelman to US publisher Eclipse Comics under the title Miracleman. Given that Skinn had by this point lost almost all of the impressive talent that had launched Warrior, with only Alan Moore, Steve Moore, and David Lloyd remaining from the original masthead, and given that Moore and Skinn had an increasingly fractious relationship, Moore would hardly have been unreasonable in fearing that Skinn was looking, in effect, to experiment with the possibility of replacing him with a writer he might have an easier time controlling. A firm line in the sand to avoid any sort of precedent for people other than him writing Marvelman would have been a prudent defense against this possibility, and one that he could readily enforce given that, under the then-current understanding of the copyright situation, he owned a share of the character.

But this in turn raises a major question about Morrison’s account of events, specifically his claim that he was offered the opportunity to take over as the regular writer of Marvelman after Moore’s departure. Simply put, this seems virtually impossible. For one thing, it is notable that neither Skinn nor Moore offer any support for the claim, instead treating the question of Morrison and Marvelman as a topic consisting purely of the script to “October Incident: 1966.” For another, it does not fit the established timeline of events for Marvelman/Miracleman at all - the idea that Skinn was simultaneously negotiating a US continuation of the comic with Eclipse (a deal signed in September of 1984, the month after the last Moore/Davis Marvelman strip was published) and attempting to negotiate a continuation in Warrior with a completely unknown and untested writer is ridiculous on the face of it. Skinn stood to get far more money out of a US sale, that having always been a major part of the Warrior business plan, and would surely not have endangered that deal by offering Morrison a job, especially given that it wasn’t his to offer in the first place. The Marvelman copyright was at the time universally understood to be split among Skinn, Moore, Davis, and Leach, which meant that three people beyond Skinn would have had to sign off on the idea of him giving the strip to a new writer, at least one of whom, Alan Moore, was clearly not going to agree to that.

And yet Morrison’s recollection of events is shockingly thorough, complete with the “softly hissed tones of a Mafia hitman” line, which, it must be said, is a characteristically Moorean turn of phrase. Could Moore have separately reached out to Morrison over “October Incident: 1966” in order to warn him off of pitching for other people’s characters? This would have been a strange course of action for Moore, but he had only recently met Morrison at the October 1983 Glasgow Comics Mart and given him career advice, and it is at least theoretically possible that he continued to do so. If such a letter did exit, however, it is worth asking how fairly Morrison is capturing its tone and content. The “Mafia hitman” line sounds like Moore, but it sounds like Moore making a sardonic joke akin to his description of Scotland as a place where “incest, murder, and cannibalism” are “still very much a part of everyday family life.” In other words, even if one does give Morrison the supreme benefit of the doubt and allow that, despite clearly inventing a job offer from Dez Skinn that could never have existed, he really did receive the letter described, it seems more likely that Moore was offering sincere advice on the wisdom of attempting to interject one’s self into someone’s ongoing and creator-owned project than that he felt compelled to separately attempt to intimidate an unknown writer he’d already had Dez Skinn tell off. And, ultimately, while the Mafia hitman line sounds a bit like Alan Moore, so does “the only answer is the sound of dream thunder echoing down the days as the memories come stealing… memories of fire in the sky and of glory that blazed white as the sun on the night the old dragon was cast out of heaven.” 

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Figure 674: The opening panel of The Liberators made it fairly clear
what the appeal of the strip was meant to be. (From Warrior #22, 1984)
But whatever the details of what happened to Morrison’s “The October Incident: 1966” script in 1984, Dez Skinn was still in dire need of new writers, and so tapped Morrison to take over writing of a strip called The Liberators for Warrior #26. The Liberators had debuted in Warrior #22, with a Skinn-penned a story called “Death Run” that featured a team of rebels led by a scantily clad female leader. The story juxtaposed action shots of the rebels’ progress with captions from an unseen figure directing them on what to do - a figure revealed at the end of the story to be the heroine’s brother, who has been captured and is being converted into a “wardroid.” The story ends with the woman blowing up the base, herself, and her already lost brother.

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Figure 675: Morrison takes a more structurally interesting approach to
The Liberators than Skinn did, incorporating unusual transitions and panel
structures. (Written by Grant Morrison, art by John Ridgway, from "Night
Moves" in Warrior #26, 1985)
Morrison’s story, “Night Moves,” serves as a prequel to “Death Run,” and is, it must be said, a reasonably impressive return to comics from Morrison. Certainly it’s the second best thing in Warrior #26 by a considerable margin. Morrison immediately set about improving the property, taking care of business Skinn had overlooked like bothering to give the characters names. Playing on the post-apocalyptic punk aesthetic developed by artist John Ridgway for the characters, Morrison gave the characters a slightly idiosyncratic dialogue style, not so strange as to be distracting, but enough to give the strip a sense of texture - things like, “I’ve been around and over, talking with stones. This is some bad place here, Shanni.” And Morrison repeats his effective imitation of Moore’s caption boxes, giving his story a suitably ominous opening narration (and one that owes no small debt to Moore's work on Swamp Thing): “The darkenss is coming. An animal bursts into being, realizes its lungs are not made to breathe oxygen, and dies silently. The sky is a sullen, bruised red as the sun goes down. The darkness is coming.” The result is a credible action strip helped considerably by the fact that it has the reliably excellent John Ridgway on art duties. 

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Figure 676: A scene of torture and mind control
of the sort that is common in Morrison's later work.
(Written by Grant Morrison, art by John Ridgway, from
"Angels and Demons," from Comics International #67,
1996, written/drawn 1985)
A second Morrison-penned installment of The Liberators, entitled “Angels and Demons,” was also prepared, but due to Warrior going under did not see print until 1996. This strip continues to build on the universe of The Liberators, jumping among three separate groups of characters in its six pages. The bulk of the stories features the main group of rebels being attacked by a Wardroid, while separate sections follow the character of Frisk, who has a strange flashback to what appears to be the twentieth century while scavenging through the ruins of Westminster, and a scene showing the conversion of someone into a Wardroid. The latter section, with one of the villains musing, “how must it seem to surrender the tracks and pathways of your mind to our searching fingers? To feel thought sparks retreat along neural branches down into the lightless brain root,” anticipates numerous images in Morrison’s later work, from the interrogation of King Mob by Sir Miles in The Invisibles to the mind control fetish erotica of “The Story of Zero” to the adventures of Max Nomax in Annihilator. The former, on the other hand, gestures towards further complexities in the vast and never realized shared timeline of the Warrior strips, not least in the presence of a line of dialogue within the flashback, as one character says, “we’re the children of the project. We’re the coming race… the Supermen,” a line that seems to gesture to the Nietzschean rhetoric of Dr. Gargunza in Moore’s Marvelman, who names his superhero project Project Zarathustra, and, prior to stumbling upon an old Captain Marvel comic and taking inspiration from it, referred to the Marvelman family as his “over-men.” (The Nietzschean roots of Moore’s Marvelman were also, it should be noted, name-checked in “October Incident: 1966.”

To be sure, the strip still has problems. The world of The Liberators feels too big, and like there’s a surplus of smaller good ideas masking the lack of an actual hook or concept for the series. But this is hardly Morrison’s fault. “Death Run” gave him a meager foundation to build on - it was basically a Future Shock that Morrison was told to somehow build an entire continuing story around. Morrison’s work on The Liberators does more than could be reasonably expected with the property, and it’s clear he’s giving real and intelligent thought to the genuinely difficult topic of how to transform the story into something functional. It is also worth stressing the basic ignominy of the job description: Skinn was at this point simply creating concepts, writing mediocre and vague first installments, and then handing them off to other writers to develop. But if any of the concepts broke out as V for Vendetta, Marvelman, and Laser Eraser and Pressbutton were on the brink of doing, it would be Skinn who would be their legal creator and who would reap the bulk of the benefits, even as writers like Morrison did the actual work of taking Skinn’s half-formed ideas and making them into things anyone cared about. Skinn, who to this day profits from the sale of the V for Vendetta Guy Fawkes masks despite his sole contribution to the story being asking David Lloyd to do a 1930s mystery strip and approving Alan Moore as a writer for said strip, was by this point clearly taking his self-appointed role as the British Stan Lee to a crudely logical conclusion. The only difference was that Lee was always capable of turning a profit off the exploitation of his creative partners, whereas Warrior went under after its twenty-sixth issue, meaning that Morrison, despite his obvious talent would have to wait until the next year for further opportunities in comics to present themselves. 

There is, however, still one more detail of Moore’s engagement with Warrior to cover - a pair of two-part stories published under the title The Bojeffries Saga. [continued]

Saturday Waffling (March 21st, 2015)

Mostly announcements today. First of all, I've revamped the options on the Patreon a bit, changing around some thresholds for things. Comics reviews are now contingent on the Patreon staying over $200 a week, which we're comfortably past at the moment. The continuation of the episode commentary podcasts past the initial eleven will be at $300, which we're near. The Mind Robber will be going up next week sometime, all five episodes at once, on either Tuesday or Thursday depending on when I do the editing. And an extra essay a week is still at $400, which we're rather a ways from, but which I'd obviously love to reach. That extra essay will be something of a floater, allowing for more idiosyncratic and one-off projects, and for more variety, either in two projects running simultaneously, or in getting through things like A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones faster.

I've also added a $5 a week reward tier, whereby backers at that level will get a bunch of extra perks, including free print copies of new books (free ebooks are available at $2 a week), voting for future podcast commentaries, participation in a monthly Q&A, plus joining a rotating sponsorship of Saturday Wafflings, with a link to a site of your choice. You can, as always, back here.

Which brings us to Andrew Morton, sponsor of this week's Saturday Waffling. He's chosen the Verity podcast, which is something I've, personally, been meaning to check out, as I've heard fantastic things about it. I remember meeting one of the women involved at the DePaul University thing a few years ago, and she seemed brilliant and cool, and I just don't ever have time to listen to podcasts. But the Verity podcast is an all-female Doctor Who podcast that has gotten rave reviews - I know Paul Cornell is a huge fan. So, yes, check them out. Do not make the mistakes I make. And thank you Andrew.

Also, I want to thank all of the backers. The Patreon has been a major help over the last few months, and has made the difference between a slowly dwindling savings account and one that's mostly growing faster than it contracts. Notably, when Jill's laptop went to the Great Apple Store in the Sky the other month, this was mostly an inconvenience and not a semi-major crisis. That was due almost entirely to the Patreon. So thank you, everyone. As I've said many times, but not nearly enough, I'm incredibly blessed to have this job.

Also, happy spring. (Or autumn, for the southern hemisphere.) What are people excited about over the next three months?

A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones 1.07: You Win or You Die

A Brief Treatise on the Rules of Thrones is brought to you by my backers at Patreon.

State of Play

The choir goes off. The board is laid out thusly:

Direwolves of King’s Landing: Eddard Stark
Stags of King’s Landing: Robert Baratheon, Joffrey Baratheon
The Lion, Jaime Lannister
Lions of King’s Landing: Cersei Lannister
Dragons of Vaes Dothrak: Daenerys Targaryen
Bears of Vaes Dothrak: Jorah Mormont
Mockingbirds of King’s Landing: Petyr Baelish
Direwolves of the Wall: Jon Snow
Kraken of Winterefll: Theon Greyjoy
Dogs of King’s Landing: Sandor Clegane

The Eyrie is deserted. 

The episode is in eleven parts. The first runs five minutes; it is set at the Lannister encampment in the Riverlands. The opening shot is an establishing shot of the camp. 

The second runs eight minutes and is in sections; it is set in King’s Landing.  The first section is three minutes long; the transition is by family, from Jaime and Tywin Lannister to Cersei. The other is four minutes long; the transition is by hard cut, from Cersei leaving the godswood to a street in Flea Bottom. 

The third runs two minutes and is set in Winterfell; the transition is from Ros to Theon. 

The fourth runs two minutes and is set on the Wall; the transition is by dialogue, from Osha talking about the things north of the Wall to Jon sighting the returning horse of a dead ranger.

The fifth runs seven minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the transition is by family and dialogue, from Jon Snow reacting to Benjen’s empty horse to Ned. It features the death of Robert Baratheon, murdered by a pig (and by Cersei Lannister). 

The sixth runs six minutes and is set in Vaes Dothrak; the transition is by dialogue, from Ned and Varys talking about the order to kill Daenerys to Daenerys and the attempt on her life.

The seventh runs seven minutes and is set on the Wall; the transition is by family, from Jorah to Lord Commander Mormont. 

The eighth runs six minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the transition is by family, from Jon Snow to Ned Stark.

The ninth runs two minutes and is set on the Wall; the transition is by family, from Ned Stark to Jon Snow.

The tenth runs four minutes and is set in Vaes Dothrak; the transition is by family, from Jon Snow to Daenerys Targaryen.

The last runs seven minutes and is set in King’s Landing; the transition is by theme, from Daenerys riding off to take the Iron Throne with King Robert’s assassin being dragged behind her horse to Ned Stark being informed of King Robert’s death and the passage of the Iron Throne to King Joffrey. The final shot is of Ned Stark with Littlefinger’s dagger at his throat, as Littlefinger hisses “Mornington Crescent.” 

Analysis

Given that it is the last episode to feature him in the bulk of it, it is fitting that “You Win or You Die” provides Ned Stark with a classical tragedy in miniature, taking him from his position of relative strength at the end of “A Golden Crown” as someone who has figured out the truth of Jon Arryn’s death and who literally need only succeed in making it into a room with Robert Baratheon and pointing out that Joffrey isn’t his son before he’ll have basically won to being completely and utterly defeated. This impressive demonstration of complete and utter failure is, as befits a proper tragedy, due to the fact that Ned Stark is a man whose skills and virtues are exactly wrong for the situation in which he finds himself. Were he a man with even a trace of ruthless cunning within him, he would recognize the absurd folly of his confrontation with Cersei, would realize that telling Robert the truth on his deathbed is self-evidently the safest and sanest way to go about things, would appreciate that Renly makes by far the most reasonable proposal in the wake of Robert’s death, or would at the very least take Littlefinger up on his suggestion that perhaps an immediate confrontation with Cersei is not the best move. Instead he is, at every turn, loyal and honorable, and at every turn completely and utterly fucks up. 

But although the game is rapidly turning into a tragedy for Ned Stark, this is in no way the endpoint of the story, and the board is already reconfiguring itself around these events, laying the foundations for a game without Eddard Stark, Lord of Winterfell in it. Central to this is the first scene, which finally introduces Tywin Lannister. This in and of itself constitutes a significant revision of the state of play. The Lannister/Stark conflict that was used to deceptively frame the series at the outset only ever had room for the three siblings. Tywin is mentioned in passing, but as a figure from Jaime and Cersei’s childhood. It’s not until “The Wolf and the Lion” that Tywin begins to exert any visible power over the narrative, as opposed to simply being referred to as a figure from the past, as Tyrion notes that word of his capture has no doubt reached Tywin, and Robert (in a fantastic added scene between him and Cersei) accuses Cersei of simply parroting Tywin’s words regarding the Targaryens. 

But “You Win or You Die” opens with Tywin, and, more to the point, does so with intense symbolic bombast, such that the audience’s first sight of Tywin is as he butchers a stag. The result quietly frames both Robert’s death and Ned’s downfall as things that stem out of his newfound presence in the narrative, creating a new center of gravity and power that will take up the slack as two of the most obvious existing centers of power fall. The introduction is brief - he appears only in the five minute scene at the top of the episode, and as much of that is concerned with Jaime as with introducing him - but effective, with Tywin’s dialogue focusing almost entirely on the question of the Lannister name and its future, clearly setting up the character’s motives.

Also significant is a lengthy monologue for Littlefinger, which serves to nail down his loyalties (or lack thereof) early in the episode so that his betrayal of Ned Stark in the cliffhanger has motivation and precedent. This is, to say the least, not the most impressive scene the show has ever mustered. Its reasons for existing are sensible enough - as usual, lacking the ability to deliver exposition via interior monologue, there have been few opportunities since his initial dialogue back in “Lord Snow” to remind the audience of his relationship with Catelyn. A scene in which this is reiterated is an important step in building to the episode’s finish. The problem is that there is precious little reason for him to reveal his motivations, and the scene consists of little more than him providing a motivation-free monologue while the issue of visuals is handled by a lengthy sequence of shots of naked women. It is this scene, more than any other, that results in the show’s reputation for “sexposition” (a term coined in direct response to this scene), and while it will never again engage in sex scenes quite as pointless as this, it is nevertheless revealing with regards to the show’s general approach.

There is little, in the broad case, to say here. The rueful shaking of the head that such blatant objectification and willingness to wallow in the male gaze produces is, by and large, the sum of it. It is not, to be clear, the focus on sex, which stems logically from the materialism of the game’s sense of historical progress, just as its commitment to depicting the raw brutality of violence does. The centrality of brothels and the acknowledgment of sex as a form of currency and power is crucial to what the show is. Nor is there anything amiss in most of the characters’ attitudes towards sex. The comparative disenfranchisement of women is a crucial part of the arcs of several female characters, and that goes hand in hand with the depiction of particular male attitudes towards women and sex. Rather, the sins are on the part of the camera, which unerringly allies itself with these attitudes, moving the show from being set in a world that features disenfranchisement and objectification of women (but that leaves it as a valid object of critique) to one that enjoys being set in such a world. Much like the thousands of slaves killed building the stadiums for the 2022 World Cup, this is something that must be acknowledged as an unfortunate design flaw in an otherwise entertaining game.

This poses a significant problem elsewhere, however. “You Win or You Die,” like several episodes before it, makes a quick excursion up to Winterfell to remind the audience that it exists (despite the fact that essentially nothing of import happens there between Bran waking up and the end of this episode), and, as with most of those episodes, opts to focus on Theon. A major takeaway of the scene between Theon and Osha is meant to be the fact that Theon is something of a nasty piece of work. But when the scene is immediately preceded by the show engaging in exactly the sort of leering entitlement that Theon displays, the point is more than slightly lost.

This is not the only spot where the storytelling frays a bit (and it’s also worth recalling the inadvertent suggestion that Joffrey is a Targaryen that comes out of the editing in “A Golden Crown”), with the handling of the assassination attempt on Daenerys serving to badly muddle the revelation in “The Wolf and the Lion” that Varys is in league with Illyrio and thus with the Targaryens. The books eventually establish that Varys, through Illyrio, got word to Jorah so that he could prevent the assassination attempt. But here Varys is, by all appearances, the primary force behind the assassination attempt, which matches poorly with his apparent motivations. It is nothing that cannot be papered over - it takes little to assume that at this stage of the game Varys still believed Viserys to be the best candidate to back, and thus saw eliminating Daenerys as a safer move than it was. Nevertheless, coming so close on the heels of the explicit revelation of Varys’s intentions, it ends up being a sloppy bit of storytelling.


But for all of these bits of confusion, the overall shape of the game is rapidly evolving, and the episode’s cliffhanger is an especially dramatic one. Where Viserys’s death mostly served to make things more straightforward, Robert’s death serves to completely destabilize the entire board, and with Ned having everything completely unravel for him, the show finds itself in a state that could hardly have been predicted at the outset. 

Comic Reviews (March 25th, 2015)

From worst to best of what I willingly paid money for. Also, the Mind Robber commentary will be coming out tomorrow afternoon - was going to edit it all tonight, but I'm falling asleep at the keyboard, so I'll finish tomorrow.

Multiversity: Ultra Comics #1

The concept, of course, is just that of the classic The Monster at the End of this Book. But I want to raise a larger issue here - this is the issue of Multiversity that's been most hyped - the "hypnotic induction" and "haunted" comic, which is literally dangerous to read. But if we take Morrison's larger philosophical framework seriously - if, in other words, we accept his vision of how magic works and of what art is - then this is, I think, a flatly unethical comic. Morrison's beliefs are such that parasitic and vampiric ideas are real things that can cause genuine harm and damage. Given this, unleashing one to feast upon the reader and making the reader's infection by this idea a necessary part of the popular Multiversity crossover is at best ethically questionable, and worst monstrous of him. It's clever, but it's also borderline sociopathic.

The Black Vortex Parts 7-9

The rhythm of this continues to be frustrating - the Nova issue, in particular, felt like a complete digression to try to sell an issue of Nova, which was admittedly not an awful issue, but which is nevertheless frustrating, not least when Marvel's scheduling means that three issues of this blob out at once. Whereas the "encase Spartax in amber so the Brood can eat people" twist is... thoroughly a delaying tactic and a direction I find myself spectacularly not caring about. Very much a "this is why I hate crossovers" moment.

Chew #47

This did nothing for me. Like, left me completely cold, no real comments to make on any front.

New Avengers #32

Man, remember when you could meaningfully tell the Avengers books apart? Still, this is a good issue, and kills off half the characters I couldn't ever remember who were, so that's nice too, because now I presumably don't have to try. But this is probably the most lackluster beat before Secret Wars - too far before it to actually reveal much, but close enough that one feels impatient. This is a fine comic, but one suspects it is sound, fury, and a distinct lack of signification.

Gotham Academy #6

Interesting, and I like the last twist, but ultimately, the problem with being unable to remember any characters' backgrounds I've had here is too entrenched, and I think I'm going to drop this in favor of trade-waiting.

Daredevil #14

Fun, nice twist at the end. One gets the sense Waid is working towards a conclusion to this, which is probably for the best, not least because they'll want a new #1 sometime soon for the Netflix series, but it seems like a good conclusion. I quite like the Owl's daughter. And Daredevil's new costume, for that matter.

Uncanny X-Men #32

At last, Cyclops gets to the point where he's been in Avengers, and things start to look interesting. Really quite excited to watch Bendis end this run, as he's usually decent with endings, and the premise seems very interesting. And this sort of issue - one that's basically just a series of conversations - is the sort of thing he's good at. Quite fun.

Darth Vader #3

Kieron Gillen correctly intuits that what Darth Vader really needed was a wisecracking female archeologist sidekick. Astonishingly, he's not even a Doctor Who fan. Plus, a homicidal protocol droid that obviously owes exactly the right amount of debt to Knights of the Old Republic. I'd been waiting for this comic to hit its stride and show what it's going to be like, and for me, at least, it just absolutely nailed it this month.

Doctor Who: The Eleventh Doctor #10

A big arc reaches its finale, with loads of bits that amount to narrative restatements of many of the basic principles of TARDIS Eruditorum, and just plain right-on "yes this is what Doctor Who should be" stuff. Fantastic, fantastic stuff - this remains the best Doctor Who comic I've ever seen.

The Wicked & The Divine #9

The presence of Ananke on the cover always suggested this issue may be A Bit of a Thing, and sure enough, some serious fireworks kick off here, with an absolutely huge shift to the status quo. And, interestingly, an issue that largely doesn't feature Laura, and instead makes big philosophical statements about the nature of gods. The book goes from strength to strength, and one kind of expects the next two issues are going to be a mite explosive. Not least because of the cover for #11. Also, love the Spider Jerusalem nod in "I feel an essay coming on."

The Mind Robber Commentary

I'm pleased to announce that the second of my Doctor Who commentary tracks, on the classic Patrick Troughton serial The Mind Robber, is now available. Thanks to Jack Graham for joining me for the fun once again.

These commentary tracks will continue through the eleven stories promised by the Kickstarter, and will continue past that assuming the Patreon is over $300 a week by that point.

The tracks are available here, in a zip file containing commentaries for all five episodes. Please enjoy, and do let me know how you like them.

Only Dreaming In His Tank (The Last War in Albion Part 89: The Bojeffries Saga)

This is the first of a currently unknown number of parts of The Last War in Albion Chapter Ten, focusing on Alan Moore's Bojeffries Saga. An omnibus will be available as soon as possible.

The Bojeffries Saga is available in a collected edition that can be purchased in the US or in the UK.

Previously in The Last War in Albion: In Warrior, the doomed but influential comics magazine published by Dez Skinn, Alan Moore got his first two regular strips as a writer, and in the process established himself as the most striking and vibrant voice in British comics. The first was V for Vendetta, his anarchist dystopian sci-fi noir with David Lloyd, and the second was Marvelman, his postmodern reinvention of a half-forgotten British superhero comic. 

"He's only dreaming in his tank. Anyway, now that you've chosen to stay and take part in our little experiment, you may be wondering how much of what you're about to experience is real."- Grant Morrison, Multiversity: Ultra Comics

Image may be NSFW.
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Figure 677: Hunt Emerson's "Stir Crazy" was one of several humor strips
published over the course of Warrior. (From Warrior #8, 1982)
There is, however, one more detail of Moore’s engagement with Warrior to cover - a pair of two-part stories published under the title The Bojeffries Saga. These are in many ways something of a curious footnote to Moore’s Warrior-era career. They constitute a total of twenty-four pages of comics, and are arguably most notable for being the answer to the mildly challenging trivia question “alongside V for Vendetta and Marvelman, what’s the third series Alan Moore created for Warrior.” Much of this is down to the fact that The Bojeffries Saga is markedly out of keeping with the general tone of Warrior. This is often ascribed to the fact that it is overtly a comedy, as opposed to an action-heavy adventure strip, but this does not really capture the full story. From the start, comedy was a part of Warrior - the first issue, in fact, featured a two-page comedic bit by Steve Moore and Dave Gibbons called “A True Story?” and firmly in the mould of Tharg’s Future Shocks from 2000 AD, and other overtly comedic stories like Hunt Emerson’s “Stir Crazy” and Laser Eraser and Pressbutton always had a consciously humorous streak to it, especially on the occasions when it was replaced with a Zirk strip. Nor can The Bojeffries Saga’s status as a comedy explain its marginal status within Moore’s overall career. Yes, Moore’s serious work is generally the material that attracts the most critical attention, but it’s hardly as if D.R. & Quinch, to take the most obvious example, is a relatively ignored and minor part of Moore’s career - indeed, if anything Moore’s ultra-violent alien miscreants get somewhat more attention than they deserve, despite clearly being a comedy.

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Figure 678: A slave revolt in the Ninth Dimension. (From
"A True Story?," written by Steve Moore, at by Dave Gibbons,
in Warrior #1, 1982)
But what D.R. & Quinch and most of the other comedy in Warrior has in common that sets they apart from The Bojeffries Saga is that they are all comedic versions of the action-adventure strips that are Warrior and 2000 AD’s bread and butter. “A True Story?”, for example, is the tale of a cartoonist who, as he ponders the idea of a time loop, is sucked into a dimensional portal in his teacup by Grongad, Tyrant of the Ninth Dimension, where he’s tasked with saving Grongad from a slave revolt, a task he fails at utterly. The now freed slaves are perfectly happy to send him back, except that they send him back to the precise moment Grongad took him from, which, as he observes, means that he’ll be stuck in a time loop, a fact confirmed by the last panel, a repeat of the one right before the cartoonist was abducted. It’s funny, but crucially, it’s a funny strip about a slave revolt in the Ninth Dimension.

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Figure 679: Glinda Bojeffries takes offence. (From "The Rentman Cometh,"
written by Alan Moore, art by Steve Parkhouse, in Warrior #12, 1983)
The Bojeffries Saga is markedly different. Yes, its cast includes a werewolf, a vampire, a Lovecraftian horror, and a woman who claims to be able to “arm-wrestle against the gravity-pull of a black hole” because she’s “infinitely powerful,” a statement that, given the rest of the family, is not entirely outside the realm of plausibility. But this cast of supernatural characters is dropped into an aggressively mundane setting where the joke is often based upon the sheer irrelevancy of their supernatural power. Glinda Bojeffries, for instance - the infinitely powerful woman - is never shown using any of her power, instead complaining about how men are sexually intimidated by her “because their fragile male egos don’t like the thought of me being infinitely superior to them in every detail” and yelling furiously at them for any perceived slight, such as her furious reaction upon being called “young lady” by one character, to which she angrily points out, “I have thoughts and feelings too, you know” before accusing him of finding “the idea of a female who can cause nuclear explosions by squinting up one eye threatening to your manhood” and boasting that she “can create a uni-cellular life-form using only the ingredients found in malt vinegar” and slamming the door in his face.

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Figure 680: A strange approach to introducing
The Bojeffries Saga.
Certainly figuring out how best to present The Bojeffries Saga to his readers was an obvious challenge for Dez Skinn. By the time of its debut in Warrior #12, it was clear that Moore was the breakout star of the magazine, and so the debut of a new strip by him was an obvious thing to put on the cover of the issue. But the two taglines given to it on the cover are inscrutable choices, to say the least. The first, “a soap opera of the paranormal,” is at least a reasonable description of it, and one Moore uses internally for the second installment of the story in Warrior #13, but it rather crucially withholds just how much emphasis should be put on the “soap opera” part. (It is worth noting that in the British context, this phrase would have evoked more than just the usual associations with ongoing and slightly tawdry drama. As a genre, British soap operas are largely associated with the working class, with the country’s two most popular soaps at the time of Warrior #12 being Coronation Street, a show about the people living on a terraced street outside Manchester that had been running since 1960, and Emmerdale Farm, a 1972-debuting show set in the Yorkshire Dales.) The other description, which proclaims that The Bojeffries Saga“makes Monty Python look like a comedy,” is simply baffling. For one thing, the claim, when actually looked at, would appear to suggest a contrast between Monty Python and The Bojeffries Saga whereby the former is funny and the latter isn’t. For another, however, Monty Python is markedly far from the sort of comedy offered by The Bojeffries Saga. 

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Figure 681: The Black Knight sequence of Monty Python and the Holy Grail
featured Graham Chapman's King Arthur trying and failing to convince John
Cleese's Black Knight that he is unlikely to prevail in a swordfight given his
rapidly increasing number of amputations.
It is not that there are no similarities between Monty Python and The Bojeffries Saga. There absolutely are; not least, as Lance Parkin observes, the fact that Trevor Inchmale, a minor character in the first Bojeffries Saga story, is the sort of character that Monty Python member Michael Palin made his career playing. And more broadly, both fit into a coherent tradition of British comedy - a tradition that Brian Eno, interviewed by Alan Moore, proclaimed to be the country’s “great export” - and have attendant similarities from that. Nevertheless, the differences are both fundamental and revealing. The five British members of Monty Python all had Oxbridge educations, with Michael Palin and Terry Jones both attending Oxford, while Graham Chapman, John Cleese, and Eric Idle all came up through the Cambridge Footlights theater club. (The sixth member, Terry Gilliam, was an American expatriate, but attended a private liberal arts school and worked in advertising before leaving the country.) And while Monty Python’s comedy is often described as “anarchic,” its default mode is still basically to find comedy in the travails of a sane and reasonable man in the face of ridiculous absurdity. This is, after all, the basic structure of most of the troupe’s most famous moments, both on their television show Monty Python’s Flying Circus, in sketches like “Dead Parrot” or “The Spanish Inquisition,” and in their films, such as the Black Knight sequence of Monty Python and the Holy Grail. The sense of the anarchic tended to come less from the content of individual sketches and more from the way in which they were assembled to make episodes of Monty Python’s Flying Circus, with the troupe employing the Spike Milligan-honed technique of cutting sketches off seemingly midway, combining this with Terry Gilliam’s surrealist collage-based animations to link the sketches. 

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Figure 682: The first page of The Bojeffries Saga, introducing
Trevor  Inchmale. (Written by  Alan Moore, art by Steve
Parkhouse, from "The  Rentman Cometh" in  Warrior #12, 1982)
But none of this is particularly close to The Bojeffries Saga, which has no particularly avant garde structural techniques, and which is not especially concerned with the travails of sane and reasonable people. Even the first installment, a story in two parts entitled, respectively, “The Rentman Cometh” and “One of Our Rentmen is Missing,” and which comes the closest to tackling the Pythonesque structure of a sane man desperately railing against a lunatic world, ultimately lands far from that. The basic setup - a rentman attempts to investigate a house in seeming arrears only to discover a rabbit hole of impossible weirdness that culminates in him being transformed into a bowl of petunias by a senile Lovecraftian horror - is certainly in the same vein as what might be called the archetypal Monty Python sketch, but this obscures as much as it reveals. Trevor Inchmale, the rentman in question, is ultimately portrayed as being just as ridiculous as the Bojeffries family. Indeed, it is arguably Inchmale, more than any other character in the first story, who is the butt of the jokes. The story’s opening gag is a series of wide panels in which he is depicted biking down a street, thinking to himself, “‘Call me Inchmale.’ ‘Rentman!’ ‘Rent is My Business.’ ‘The Rentman Cometh.’ ‘The Old Rentaroonie.’ ‘Rent Asunder!’” A caption box helpfully explains: “There are many interesting ways in which to spend your mortal existence. Trevor Inchmale favours inventing titles for his forthcoming autobiography.” This sets the tone for a story in which the joke is not so much the absurd set of circumstances that Inchmale faces as it is Inchmale’s fundamental deficiency in being able to make any sense of them, watching, for instance, as Raoul, the werewolf, returns home as a wolf and simply assuming the Bojeffries are guilty of “keeping of pets without council permission.” The story is largely a farce, with increasingly absurd consequences emerging from humorous misunderstandings on the part of a character who can be relied upon to, regardless of the situation, be a complete idiot. 

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Figure 683: Steve Parkhouse depicts Glinda Bojeffries snuggling up
to a somewhat alarmed Lenny Henry in the Tundra Press collection of
The Bojeffries Saga.
A potentially more accurate antecedent to The Bojeffries Saga within the history of British comedy is The Young Ones, a BBC Two sitcom that debuted in 1982, the year before The Bojeffries Saga launched. While Moore himself has never cited it as an inspiration, comedian Lenny Henry, when writing the introduction for the 1992 Tundra Publishing collection of The Bojeffries Saga, described the strip as “bringing an anarchy and weirdness to comics similar to the kick up the ass that The Young Ones brought to television.” And while there are still obvious differences - most blatantly that The Young Ones features no overtly supernatural elements (although it’s certainly not a strictly speaking “realistic” series either, with characters routinely doing things like surviving decapitations) - this is, on the whole, probably a more reasonable comparison than Monty Python, if only because The Young Ones is, like The Bojeffries Saga, at heart a show about a bunch of weirdos living together, albeit in this case a couple of University students and not a set of supernatural creatures. 

But in some ways more relevant than the subject matter is simply the attitude of The Young Ones. The show emerged out of the alternative comedy scene that formed around London comedy club the Comedy Store (and subsequently at the Comic Strip, a club formed when several prominent alternative comics split from the Comedy Store) more or less contemporaneously with the War, and, more broadly, and which shared the post-punk aesthetic of most British counterculture of the period. The style was explicitly political, formed in conscious opposition to the dominant mode of British stand-up comedy at the time, taking particular umbrage with the tendency towards overtly racist and sexist humor. But more than that, alternative comedy was based on a fundamental transition in the basic style and structure of comedy. Instead of focusing on comedy’s roots in the old music hall tradition, alternative comics were generally writer-performers who worked outside of the old-fashioned “joke” structure and focused exclusively on originally composed material instead of classic and well-worn gags. 

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Figure 684: Alexei Sayle in The Young Ones.
But for all that Monty Python, as a troupe of writer-performers, marked an important antecedent to alternative comedy, the new movement was least in part defined by contrast to the Oxbridge-dominated tradition of comedy that preceded it. Indeed, Alexei Sayle, the MC at the Comedy Store when the alternative comedy scene was forming, and one of its most prominent members, cites a 1984 episode of The Young Ones that featured appearances from several comedians who came up through the Cambridge Footlights group a generation after Cleese and Chapman did, as the “turning point” in the alternative comedy scene, at which it started moving towards the political center and away from the radical political ideas that he’d envisioned for it.

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Figure 685: Demented class-war ravings.
Sayle’s shock is not entirely fair (and it should be stressed that Sayle is clearly poking fun at his own political intransigence as much as he’s offering a serious history of the alternative comedy scene, describing how, upon turning up at the studio to discover the guest stars, he “railed at the writers,” saying, “The whole point of what we were doing was surely to challenge the smug hegemony of the Oxford, Cambridge, public-schoolboy comedy network, as well as destroying the old-school working men's club racists,” to which, in his telling, the writers replied “that was just you, we never subscribed to your demented class-war ravings”). [continued]

Saturday Waffling (March 28th, 2015)

This week's Saturday Waffling is sponsored by Jed Blue, who has a new book out called The Very Soil: An Unauthorized Critical Study of Puella Magi Madoka Magica that you should go check out.

Meanwhile, over here, I find myself working on the Super Nintendo Project in amidst finishing up the Bojeffries Saga chapter of Last War in Albion. So, as I work on that, what are your memories of the Super Nintendo? Or, if you were from the other side of that generation's console wars, of the Sega Genesis?
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